石墨及其复合材料3D打印研究进展  

Research progress in 3D printing of graphite and its composite materials

作　　者：何玉玉 刘轶 张芸芸 周志军 刘于青 王勇 罗凯 剡秀秀 曹继伟 陈张伟 HE Yuyu;LIU Yi;ZHANG Yunyun;ZHOU Zhijun;LIU Yuqing;WANG Yong;LUO Kai;YAN Xiuxiu;CAO Jiwei;CHEN Zhangwei(Kocel Intelligent Machinery Limited,Yinchuan 750021,China;Additive Manufacturing Institute,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]共享智能装备有限公司,银川750021 [2]深圳大学增材制造研究所,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《材料工程》2025年第3期35-43,共9页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：自治区重点研发计划项目(2023BEE01010)。

摘　　要：3D打印作为一种新型制造技术,已被广泛应用于各类材料的成型制造,并展现出巨大的发展潜力。石墨具有优良的耐高温性、导电性、导热性、热稳定性和化学稳定性,在冶金化工、能源行业、航空航天、核工业等领域得到广泛应用。以石墨及其复合材料作为基体,利用3D打印技术生产制造石墨基产品,能够缩短生产周期、提高材料利用率、减少石墨粉尘污染,为高性能复杂形状石墨的个性化定制及产业化应用提供了一种高效经济的综合解决方案。本文重点阐述了石墨及其复合材料的3D打印技术,分析了各种技术的优缺点,并介绍了3D打印成型的石墨产品的性能和应用,论述了石墨及其复合材料在3D打印领域发展过程中的机遇和挑战,并对未来的发展提出了展望和建议,石墨3D打印技术的发展还需开发扩展石墨复合材料的种类和新型打印装备及其配套设备,并在传统石墨的基础上进行3D打印石墨后处理技术研发。3D printing,as a new manufacturing technology,has been widely applied in the forming and manufacturing of various materials with enormous development prospects.Graphite has excellent hightemperature resistance,conductivity,thermal conductivity,thermal stability,and chemical stability,widely used in fields such as metallurgy,energy industry,aerospace,and nuclear industry.Using graphite and its composite materials as the matrix and 3D printing technology to produce graphite products can reduce the graphite production cycle,improve material utilization,reduce graphite dust pollution,and provide an efficient and economical comprehensive solution for personalized customization and industrial application of high-performance and complex shaped graphite.This article focuses on the 3D printing technology of graphite and its composite materials,analyzes and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each technology,introduces the performance and application of graphite products formed by 3D printing,discusses the opportunities and challenges of graphite and its composite materials in the development process of 3D printing,and puts forward expectations and prospects for this.The development of graphite 3D printing technology needs to develop the types of expansion of graphite composite materials and new printing equipment and its supporting equipment,and conduct 3D printed graphite post-processing technology based on traditional graphite process.

关 键 词：石墨3D打印 尺寸精度 微波吸收 石墨电极 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TQ174.5[化学工程—陶瓷工业] TP391.73[化学工程—硅酸盐工业]