化妆棉衍生纤维状钴/碳复合材料的高效电磁波吸收  

Cosmetic cotton-derived fibrous Co/C composites for highly efficient microwave absorption properties

作　　者：陈博文 强荣 邵玉龙 马茜 杨啸 马子硕 刘畅 薛瑞 CHEN Bowen;QIANG Rong;SHAO Yulong;MA Qian;YANG Xiao;MA Zishuo;LIU Chang;XUE Rui(College of Textiles,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 451191,China;Faculty of Engineering,Huanghe S&T University,Zhengzhou 450006,China)

机构地区：[1]中原工学院纺织学院,郑州451191 [2]黄河科技学院工学部,郑州450006

出　　处：《材料工程》2025年第3期203-215,共13页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51902359);河南省重点研发与推广专项项目(242102231067);校级自然科学面上项目(K2023MS009);青年骨干教师项目(2020XQG02);青年硕导培育计划项目(2023);中原工学院研究生科研创新项目(YKY2023ZK01)。

摘　　要：随着电子信息产业的迅猛发展,电磁辐射问题日益严重,迫切需要一种质量轻、成本低的电磁吸收材料。本研究采用金属有机框架衍生法和高温退火策略获得钴/碳纤维复合材料,其中,化妆棉作为碳纤维的生物质前驱体,ZIF-67颗粒均匀负载于棉纤维表面,经碳化得到钴/碳纳米粒子均匀负载于碳纤维表面的钴/碳纤维复合材料。SEM结果显示,Co颗粒在碳纤维基质上呈现出均匀分散的状态,均匀分布的钴纳米颗粒提供了一个磁耦合网络,并与碳纤维形成丰富的非均相界面,增强了界面极化,有利于复合材料的宽带吸收行为。测试结果表明,Co/C-650材料的厚度仅为1.5 mm,17.76 GHz下最小反射损耗为-42.03 dB,同时吸收带宽可达3.68 GHz,并且雷达散射截面值达到-26.8 dB·m^(2)。这种优异的电磁波吸收性能得益于界面极化引起的介电损耗、磁共振引起的磁损耗以及微纳层次纤维结构中的多次反射和散射。本工作为制造轻量级、高功效的碳纤维基吸波材料提供了思路。Due to the increasing interference and pollution of electromagnetic radiation,there is an urgent need for lightweight and low-cost electromagnetic absorbing materials.In this study,carbon fiber Co/C functional composites with Co nanoparticle coatings are prepared.Among them,ZIF-67 particles are insitu grown on the surface of cosmetic cotton,and then the lightweight Co/C precursor is prepared by direct carbonization method.The SEM image shows that the Co particles are uniformly distributed on the surface of the carbon fiber,and the uniformly distributed cobalt nanoparticles provide a magnetic coupling network and form a rich non-homogeneous interface with the carbon fiber,enhancing the interfacial polarization,and benefiting the broadband absorption behavior of the composite.The test results show that the thickness of Co/C-650 material is only 1.5 mm,the minimum reflection loss at 17.76 GHz is -42.03 dB,the effective absorption bandwidth is up to 3.68 GHz,and the radar cross section value is up to -26.8 dB·m^(2).This excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance is attributed to the dielectric loss by interfacial polarization,magnetic loss by magnetic resonance,and multiple reflections and scatterings in the microand nano-level fiber structure.This study provides an idea for preparing ultralight,low-cost,sustainable microwave absorbers with excellent electromagnetic wave absorption capability.

关 键 词：吸波 Co/C复合材料 生物质 介电损耗 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]