沈德潜的“源流论”及文学史呈现  

Shen Deqian’s Origin Theory and Presentation of Literary History

作　　者：唐芸芸[1] TANG Yunyun(School of Chinese Literature,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学文学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《铜仁学院学报》2025年第1期36-43,共8页Journal of Tongren University

基　　金：国家社科基金西部项目“清代唐宋诗之争的理论问题与逻辑进程”(17XZW019)。

摘　　要：沈德潜诗学实现了诗体间的源流历时描述:以古体为“源”,并将之还原为包含正变消亡的动态过程;以讲究格律、对偶、刻画的近体为“流”。古诗实现“意不尽”和诗教的精诣是反复咏叹和讬兴,唐诗二者尽失,但用追求讽意、寄兴深远、贯通元气、语近情遥来完成,实现了与古诗的“源”“流”承继关系。而宋诗则追求发露,失却“意不尽”传统,但也可以挑选出传衍诗教、符合温柔敦厚者为续。后人学唐,不当摹拟,而是要如唐人般体现“源”“流”承继。Shen Deqian’s origin theory of ancient and metric poetry,broke through the one of classical poetic formal distinctions by Ming Qizi.The ancient poetry,which is a dynamic process of change and demise,has developed into the metrical poetry,which is good at metric,duality and word carving,with the loss of repeated arias and affective image in Tang poetry.But the implicity and enlightenment of poetry rely on pursuit of irony,sustenance far-reaching,integrated into one and voiceover to achieve.Song poetry,which is short of implicity,but is in line with enlightenment of poetry and the blandness.Later generations to learn Tang poetry need to learn from origin theory of ancient and metrical poetry,not imitate.

关 键 词：沈德潜 源流论 意不尽 诗教传衍 阐释体系 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]