便携式X射线荧光分析仪在稀有金属伟晶岩含矿性评价中的应用——以青海茶卡北山锂铍矿床为例  

Application of portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer in mineral evaluation of rare metal pegmatite:A case study of Chakabeishan lithium beryllium deposit in Qinghai Province

作　　者：王新[1,2] 梁婷 李积清[3] 余福承[3] 李善平[3] 韩杰[3] 谭细娟[1,2] 凤永刚 WANG Xin;LIANG Ting;LI JiQing;YU FuCheng;LI ShanPing;HAN Jie;TAN XiJuan;FENG YongGang(School of Earth Science and Resource,Chang an University,Xi'an 710054,China;Laboratory of Mineralization and Dynamics,Chang an University,Xi'an 710054,China;Qinghai Geological Survey Institute,Xining 810012,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学地球科学与资源学院,西安710054 [2]长安大学成矿作用及其动力学实验室,西安710054 [3]青海省地质调查院,西宁810012

出　　处：《岩石学报》2025年第4期1352-1366,共15页Acta Petrologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2901902);中国地质调查局项目(DD20221695-41)联合资助.

摘　　要：便携式X射线荧光分析仪(pXRF)是一种快速、便捷的野外现场分析方法,广泛应用于金、铜、锌、铁等矿产的野外勘查和矿体圈定,鲜有应用于锂铍稀有金属矿床勘查的报道。本文以青海茶卡北山伟晶岩型锂铍矿床的块状样品、组合样品为对象,探讨pXRF在稀有金属矿石成分分析的实验条件、稳定性和准确性,以及在含矿性评价的应用潜力。结果表明,pXRF单点重复测量结果稳定,分析时间影响小,粉末状样品用pXRF和ICP-MS定量分析结果具有一致性,其中伟晶岩分析结果拟合度在0.9404~0.9900之间,平均0.9633,pXRF分析伟晶岩粉末样品效果最佳。pXRF分析结果显示伟晶岩中伴生元素Ca、Nb含量与Li、Be具有显著相关性,铍矿化伟晶岩大部分都具有低Ca(<2000×10^(-6))、高Nb的特征,锂矿化伟晶岩具有高Nb特征,不含矿伟晶岩具有高Ca(2000×10^(-6)~5000×10^(-6))、低Nb的特征。利用该特征在野外勘查以及钻探编录中配合手持式研磨仪使用可以快速判别稀有金属伟晶岩的含矿性,提高稀有金属伟晶岩脉的勘查效率。Portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer(pXRF)is a fast and convenient method for field analysis,widely used in the field exploration and ore body delineation of Au,Cu,Zn,Fe and other minerals,with few reports on its application in the exploration of lithium and beryllium rare metal deposits.This study takes field massive samples and drilling combination samples collected from Chakabeishan lithium and beryllium pegmatite deposit in Qinghai Province as the research object,and explores the experimental conditions,stability and accuracy of pXRF in rare metal ore composition analysis,as well as its potential application in ore-bearing potential.The results showed that the pXRF single point repeated measurement was stable,with little influence of analysis time.The quantitative analysis results of pXRF and ICP-MS in powder samples were consistent,with the fitting degree of pegmatite analysis results ranging from 0.9404 to 0.9900,with an average of 0.9633.pXRF analysis of pegmatite powder samples showed the best effect.The pXRF analysis results found that the content of associated elements Ca and Nb in pegmatite is significantly correlated with Li and Be in the Chakabeishan mining area.Most Be mineralization pegmatites have the characteristics of low Ca(<2000×10^(-6))and high Nb,while Li mineralization pegmatites also have the characteristics of high Nb.However,the barren pegmatites have the characteristics of high Ca(2000×10^(-6)~5000×10^(-6))and low Nb.By using this feature in field exploration and drilling logging,combined with handheld grinders,the mineralogy of rare metal pegmatites can be quickly determined,assisting in delineating the ore bodies and improving the exploration efficiency of rare metal pegmatite veins.

关 键 词：便携式X射线荧光分析仪 野外勘查 茶卡北山 伟晶岩型锂铍矿床 含矿性评价 

分 类 号：P575.5[天文地球—矿物学] P588.131[天文地球—地质学] P618.7