工程爆破扩腔能耗随不耦合系数的变化规律  

Variation Law of Energy Consumption of Engineering Blasting Cavity Expansion with Decoupling Coefficient

作　　者：黄永辉[1] 秦丽绚 徐锐 张智宇[3] HUANG Yonghui;QIN Lixuan;XU Rui;ZHANG Zhiyu(Faculty of Electric Power Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Yuxi City Yuxi Mining Co.,653400,Yunnan,China;Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学电力工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]玉溪矿业有限公司,云南玉溪653400 [3]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《兵工学报》2025年第3期234-242,共9页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52164009、52064025、52164010)。

摘　　要：为了优化地下工程周边孔光面爆破中的炸药能量分布情况,提高孔痕率,保证光面爆破效果,采用爆破破岩及断裂力学理论,构建扩腔能耗计算方法,通过浇筑素混凝土模型进行爆破试验,得到扩腔尺寸、体积和能耗随不耦合系数K的变化规律。研究结果表明:在K由1.25增大到3.375的过程中,扩腔直径平均为3.43 cm,扩腔长度平均为12.7 cm,扩腔体积介于52.98~155.56 cm 3,扩腔能耗介于0.58~1.70 kJ,其在炸药总能量中的占比介于2.9%~8.5%;随着K的增大,扩腔体积和能耗呈减小趋势,K在达到3.0~3.5时对减小扩腔能耗效果最为明显,而后趋于平稳;K增大会减轻炸药能量对炮孔壁岩石的粉碎程度,使扩腔体积减小,同时扩腔能耗降低;模型试验结果与理论分析相互验证,表明在一定范围内选取较大的不耦合系数可以减小扩腔能耗。In order to optimize the distribution of explosive energy in the smooth blasting of holes around underground projects,improve the hole mark rate and ensure the smooth blasting effect,a calculation method for the energy consumption of cavity expansion is established based on the theory of rock breaking and fracture mechanics.The blasting test is carried out with the cast-in-situ plain concrete model,and the law of variation of blasting size,cavity volume and energy consumption with the decoupling coefficient K is obtained.The research results show that the diameter of cavity expansion is 3.43 cm in the process of increasing from 1.25 to 3.375,the average cavity length is 12.7 cm,and the cavity volume ranges from 52.98 cm 3 to 155.56 cm 3.The expanding-cavity energy consumption is between 0.58 kJ and 1.70 kJ,and its proportion in the total explosive energy is between 2.9%and 8.5%,and the volume and energy consumption of cavity expansion decrease with the increase of K.K has the most obvious effect on reducing the energy consumption of cavity expansion when it reaches 3.0~3.5,and then tends to be stable;With the increase of K,the degree of pulverization of the rock on the hole wall by explosive energy is reduced so that the volume of and energy consumption of the cavity are reduced.The results of model test and theoretical analysis are mutually verified.It is indicated that a large decoupling coefficient can be selected to reduce the energy consumption ofcavity expansion in a certain range.

关 键 词：工程爆破 扩腔 能耗 不耦合系数 模型试验 

分 类 号：O383[理学—流体力学]