钛合金蒙皮-骨架结构激光焊接变形规律模拟研究  

Simulation Research on Deformation Laws of a Titanium Alloy Skin-skeleton Structure during Laser Beam Welding

作　　者：王磊 杜劭峰 李红星 刘港 张磊 彭勇[1] WANG Lei;DU Shaofeng;LI Hongxing;LIU Gang;ZHANG Lei;PENG Yong(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu,China;National Key Laboratory of Special Vehicle Design and Manufacturing Integration Technology,Baotou 014030,Inner Mongolia,China;Jiangsu Automation Research Institute,Lianyungang 222006,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏南京210094 [2]特种车辆设计制造集成技术全国重点实验室,内蒙古包头014030 [3]江苏自动化研究所,江苏连云港222006

出　　处：《兵工学报》2025年第3期264-273,共10页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：特种车辆设计制造集成技术全国重点实验室开放课题(GZ2023KF009)。

摘　　要：钛合金常用于各类飞行器舵翼部件的蒙皮-骨架结构中,在兵器、航空航天行业受到广泛关注。以钛合金蒙皮-骨架结构激光焊接变形为研究对象,利用热循环曲线法模拟焊接顺序对焊接变形与应力的影响规律,通过在焊接生产过程中加入翻转工艺显著降低了焊接变形与残余应力。研究结果表明,优先焊接蒙皮中心区域焊缝,并在焊接过程中加入翻转,可以使峰值焊接应力从原始的1027.18 MPa降低到745.30 MPa,降低了27.4%;特征点P_(1)、P_(2)、P_(3)处变形由原始的0.168 mm、0.178 mm、0.198 mm减小至0.066 mm、0.028 mm、0.021 mm,分别减小60.7%、84.3%和89.4%。利用激光三维扫描仪测量了蒙皮-骨架结构激光焊接变形量,与实验测量结果相比,计算结果平均误差为9.98%,验证了有限元模型和优化焊接顺序的准确性。Titanium alloy is commonly used in the skin-skeleton structure of various aircraft rudder and wing components,which has received widespread attention in the weapons,aviation and aerospace industries.In this work,the laser welding deformation of a titanium alloy skin-skeleton structure is taken as the research object.The influence of welding sequences on welding deformation and stress is simulated and investigated using the thermal cycling method,and the welding sequences are optimized.The welding deformation and stress are significantly reduced by adding the turnover process in the welding.The results show that the peak welding stress is reduced by 27.4%from the original 1027.18 MPa to 745.30 MPa by prioritizing welding in the center area of the skin and adding multiple overturns during welding.The deformations at the feature points P_(1),P_(2) and P_(3) are decreased from the original 0.168 mm,0.178 mm and 0.198 mm to 0.066 mm,0.028 mm and 0.021 mm,respectively,by 60.7%,84.3% and 89.4%.The laser welding deformation of skin-skeleton structure is measured by a 3D laser scanner.Compared with the experimental results,the average error of the calculated results is 9.98%,which verifies the accuracy of the finite element model and the optimized welding sequence.

关 键 词：飞行器蒙皮-骨架结构 激光焊接变形 焊接顺序优化 热循环曲线算法 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]