漯麦49对8种小麦重要病害病原的抗性分析  

Analysis on the Disease and Stress Resistance of 8 Important Wheat Disease Pathogens to Luomai 49

作　　者：葛昌斌 陈昆圆 曹燕燕 李荣超 周扬 廖平安 崔江宽 GE Changbin;CHEN Kunyuan;CAO Yanyan;LI Rongchao;ZHOU Yang;LIAO Ping'an;CUI Jiangkuan(Luohe Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Luohe He'nan 462300,China;College of Plant Protection,He'nan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]漯河市农业科学院,河南漯河462300 [2]河南农业大学植物保护学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《种子》2025年第2期142-149,共8页Seed

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2024YFD1400400);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-03);漯河市重大科技创新专项(20210112);河南省农业良种联合攻关(2022010101)。

摘　　要：为明确田间中抗赤霉病小麦品种漯麦49对8种小麦重要病害的抗性表现,以漯麦49和漯麦163为材料,分别于苗期接种8种小麦病害病原菌,接种后0、3、7、14 d,分别测定小麦叶片过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果表明,病原菌接种后,与对照相比,漯麦49接种小麦菲利普孢囊线虫病和小麦白粉病后,小麦叶片CAT、POD、SOD活性和MDA含量明显升高,接种小麦菲利普孢囊线虫病后第7天漯麦49的CAT、POD、SOD活性和MDA含量分别升高了27.40%、900.00%、45.58%和96.08%,接种小麦白粉病后第7天漯麦49的CAT、POD、SOD活性和MDA含量分别升高了45.21%、494.44%、160.27%和4.70%;漯麦163接种小麦黄花叶病毒病和小麦白粉病后,小麦叶片CAT、POD、SOD活性和MDA含量明显升高,接种小麦黄花叶病毒病后第7天漯麦163的CAT、POD、SOD活性和MDA含量分别升高了15.49%、981.15%、158.96%和23.81%,接种小麦白粉病后第7天漯麦163的CAT、POD、SOD活性和MDA含量分别升高了94.37%、1315.90%、292.16%和3.83%。综合分析小麦苗期防御酶活性发现,漯麦49和漯麦163均可显著提升小麦苗期对小麦白粉病的免疫反应酶活性,对小麦白粉病抗性较好。To elucidate the resistance performance of the Fusarium head blight-resistant wheat cultivar Luomai49 against eight significant wheat diseases under field conditions,pathogen inoculation experiments were conducted during the seedling stage using Luomai163 as the control variety,with an additional uninoculated treatment as the control.The enzymatic activities(catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),superoxide dismutase(SOD))and malondialdehyde(MDA)content in wheat leaves were measured at 0,3,7 and 14 days post-inoculation.Results demonstrated that following Heterodera filipjevi(cereal cyst nematode)and Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici(powdery mildew)inoculation,Luomai49 exhibited significant increases in CAT(27.40%),POD(900.00%),SOD(45.58%),and MDA(96.08%)activities at 7 days compared to controls.Similarly,after powdery mildew infection,Luomai49 showed respective increases of CAT with 45.21%,POD with 494.44%,SOD with 160.27%,and MDA with 4.70%in these parameters.In Luomai163,Wheat yellow mosaic virus and powdery mildew infections induced substantial enzymatic responses,with CAT(15.49%),POD(981.15%),SOD(158.96%)and MDA(23.81%)elevations observed at 7 days post-viral infection.Following powdery mildew challenge,this cultivar demonstrated more pronounced increases of 94.37%,1315.90%,292.16%and 3.83%in the respective biomarkers.Comprehensive analysis of defense enzyme activities revealed that both cultivars significantly enhanced immunoreactive enzyme levels against powdery mildew during the seedling stage,revealed that both Luomai49 and Luomai163 significantly enhanced the activity of immune-responsive enzymes dssociated with wheat powdery mildew,demonstrating improved resistance to the pathogen.

关 键 词：漯麦49 赤霉病 菲利普孢囊线虫 白粉病 条锈病 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]