核电站O形橡胶密封圈的耐环境性能研究  

Research on Environmental Resistance of O-shaped Rubber Sealing Rings for Nuclear Power Plants

作　　者：马谷剑 陈平 王英杰 廖开星 应红[2] MA Gujian;CHEN Ping;WANG Yingjie;LIAO Kaixing;YING Hong(Fujian Fuqing Nuclear Power Co.,Ltd,Fuqing 350318,China;Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Suzhou,215004,China)

机构地区：[1]福建福清核电有限公司,福建福清350318 [2]苏州热工研究院有限公司,江苏苏州215004

出　　处：《橡胶工业》2025年第4期284-289,共6页China Rubber Industry

摘　　要：选取3种核电站常用O形橡胶密封圈[丁腈橡胶(NBR)、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)和氟橡胶(FKM)密封圈]进行热空气老化、湿热老化、臭氧老化试验。结果表明:在热空气老化条件下,NBR密封圈的硬度增大,拉断伸长率减幅最大,氧化诱导时间缩短最明显,耐热空气老化性能最差;在湿热老化条件下,3种橡胶密封圈的物理性能均未发生大幅度下降,其中NBR密封圈的硬度增大,NBR和FKM密封圈的拉断伸长率在短时间内(老化168 h)增大,在较长时间(老化672 h)后减小;在臭氧老化条件下,FKM密封圈的硬度不变,拉断伸长率增大,耐臭氧老化性能最好。在3种橡胶密封圈的热性能中,氧化诱导时间变化较热重分析组分变化更为敏感,且氧化诱导时间的数据单一,其可以更加方便地判断橡胶密封圈的老化状态。Three types of O-shaped rubber sealing rings commonly used in nuclear power plants[nitrile rubber(NBR),ethylene-propylene-diene rubber(EPDM)and fluororubber(FKM)sealing rings]were selected for hot-air aging,damp-heat aging and ozone aging tests.The results showed that,under hot-air aging conditions,the hardness of the NBR sealing ring increased,the elongation at break showed the largest reduction,and the oxidation induction time was significantly shortened,indicating the worst resistance to hot-air aging.Under damp-heat aging conditions,the physical properties of the three types of rubber seals did not significantly decrease.Among them,the hardness of NBR sealing ring increased,and the elongation at break of NBR and FKM sealing rings increased in a short period(aging 168 h)and decreased after a longer period(aging 672 h).Under ozone aging conditions,the hardness of FKM sealing ring remained unchanged,the elongation at break increased,and the ozone aging resistance was the best.Among the thermal properties of the three types of rubber seals,changes in the oxidation induction time were more sensitive than changes in thermogravimetric analysis components,and the data of the oxidation induction time was single,making it easier to determine the aging state of the rubber seals.

关 键 词：橡胶密封圈 热空气老化 湿热老化 臭氧老化 

分 类 号：TQ336.42[化学工程—橡胶工业]