日粮添加酵母硒对牦牛乳硒含量的影响  

Effect of Yeast Selenium on Selenium Content in Yak Milk

作　　者：章宗元 安福珍 巴桑旺堆[2] 朱彦宾[2] 孙光明 赵赛男 袁龙飞 王利[1] 安添午[5] ZHANG Zongyuan;AN Fuzhen;BA Sang Wangdui;ZHU Yanbin;SUN Guangming;ZHAO Sainan;YUAN Longfei;WANG Li;AN Tianwu(Southwest University for Nationalities,Chengdu Sichuan 610041;China Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa Tibet 850000;Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Hongyuan County,Aba Sichuan 624603;Yucheng District Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Ya'an Sichuan 625000;Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science,Chengdu Sichuan 611731)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学,四川成都610041 [2]西藏自治区农牧科学院畜牧兽医研究所,西藏拉萨850000 [3]红原县林业和草原局,四川阿坝624603 [4]雨城区农业农村局,四川雅安625000 [5]四川省草原科学研究院,四川成都611731

出　　处：《中国乳业》2025年第3期51-56,共6页China Dairy

基　　金：西藏自治区“十四五”重大科技专项(XZ202101ZD0002N);优质牛育种材料和方法创新及新品种选育项目(2021YFYZ0001);牦牛健康养殖关键技术集成与应用(2023JDZH0028);牦牛健康养殖关键技术集成与应用(2023JDZH0028)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究在日粮中添加不同剂量酵母硒对牦牛乳硒含量影响。[方法]将24头泌乳中期、胎次相近、产犊时间基本一致的母牦牛作为试验对象,随机分为4组,每组6头,每头1个重复,设立了空白组(仅放牧)、对照组(放牧+0.5 kg玉米粉)、低硒组和高硒组(放牧+0.5 kg玉米粉,分别添加1 mg/kg、2 mg/kg酵母硒)。试验持续70 d,前10 d为预试期,后60 d为正试期,在试验前、后采集牦牛体重;晨饲前采集25 mL乳成分存于-20℃,记录乳产量。[结果]饲喂酵母硒后,高硒组与空白组体重显著降低,对照组与低硒组体重显著上升。在牦牛乳产量方面,整体呈现降低趋势;低硒组乳产量在第1d时乳产量显著低于其他三组,而其他时间段乳产量无显著差异。在乳硒含量方面,相较对照组,试验组乳中硒含量明显上升,其中高硒组第20~40d时显著高于其他三组。[结论]日粮添加2 mg/kg酵母硒,牦牛体重降低,乳产量无显著影响,但乳硒含量显著升高,因此添加2mg/kg为较优方案,但后续需更多试验来确定其更优添加方法。[Objective]This study aims to investigate the effect of adding different doses of yeast selenium to the diet on the selenium in yak milk.[Method]Twenty-four mid-lactating yak cows with similar parities and calving times were used as experimental subjects and divided into four groups,each with six cows,with one repetition per cow.The groups included a blank group(grazing only),a control group(gra 0.5 kg corn meal),a low-selenium group,and a high-selenium group(grazing 0.5 kg meal,supplemented with 1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg yeast selenium,respectively).The experiment lasted for 70 days,with first 10 days as the preliminary period and the following 60 days as the formal period.Yak weights were collected before and after the experiment;5 mL of milk components were collected before morning feeding and stored at -20℃,and milk production was recorded.[Result]After feeding yeast selenium the high-selenium group showed a significant decrease in weight compared to the blank group,while the control group and the low-selenium group showed a significant increase weight.In terms of yak milk production,an overall downward trend was observed;the low-selenium group had a significantly lower milk production on the first day to the other three groups,while there was no significant difference in milk production at other times.Regarding the selenium content in milk,the selenium content in the of the experimental groups was significantly higher than that of the control group,with the high-selenium group being significantly higher than the other three groups from the 2th to the 40th day.[Conclusion]Adding 2 mg/kg yeast selenium to the diet results in a decrease in yak weight but has significant effect on milk production.Additionally,the selenium content in milk is significantly increased.Therefore,adding 2 mg/kg is an optimal solution,but further experiments are needed to determine its optimal addition method.

关 键 词：酵母硒 牦牛 乳产量 乳硒 

分 类 号：TS2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]