某石油化工企业员工血脂异常影响因素分析  

Analyzing the influencing factors of dyslipidemia in employees of a petrochemical enterprise

作　　者：曾飞飞[1] 黄伟旭[1] 张爱华[1] 闫雪华[1] 郭玮珍[1] 陈铿铿[1] 陈慧峰[1] ZENG Feifei;HUANG Weixu;ZHANG Aihua;YAN Xuehua;GUO Weizhen;CHEN Kengkeng;CHEN Huifeng(Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2024年第6期656-660,共5页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(B2023465,A2019246,A2021209);广州市科技计划项目(202102080135);广州市海珠区科技计划项目(海科工商信计2022-62)。

摘　　要：目的分析某石油化工企业员工血脂异常情况及其影响因素。方法采用判断抽样法,选择某石油化工企业1636名员工为研究对象,采集其周围静脉血测定血清中总胆固醇、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),采用《付出-回报失衡问卷》评估其付出-回报失衡(ERI)模式职业紧张水平。结果研究对象血脂异常检出率为52.7%,其中总胆固醇、三酰甘油、LDL-C、HDL-C异常检出率依次为35.7%、31.4%、24.3%和10.0%。研究对象高职业紧张检出率为26.3%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示:超重和肥胖员工罹患血脂异常的风险均高于体质量正常者[比值比(OR)及其95%置信区间(CI)为2.111(1.692~2.634)和2.346(1.591~3.458),P值均<0.01],体质量偏瘦者罹患血脂异常的风险低于体质量正常者[OR(95%CI)为0.130(0.030~0.564),P<0.05];吸烟员工罹患血脂异常的风险高于不吸烟者[OR(95%CI)为1.462(1.124~1.902),P<0.01];工龄20~<30年和≥30年组员工罹患血脂异常的风险均高于工龄<10年组[OR(95%CI)分别为1.411(1.038~1.919)和1.869(1.202~2.906),P值均<0.05];ERI模式职业紧张高付出水平的人群罹患血脂异常风险高于低付出水平者[OR(95%CI)为1.351(1.045~1.745),P<0.05]。结论石油化工企业员工的血脂异常率较高;超重和肥胖、吸烟、工龄、ERI模式职业紧张均是血脂异常的影响因素。需加强对超重、肥胖、长工龄、吸烟和存在ERI模式职业紧张等高危人群的血脂监测与生活行为方式的干预,预防血脂异常的发生。Objective To analyze the current status of dyslipidemia among employees in a petrochemical enterprise and its influencing factors.Methods A total of 1636 employees from a petrochemical enterprise were selected as the research subjects by the judgment sampling method.Peripheral venous blood was collected from the research subjects to detect total cholesterol,triglyceride,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in serum.The Effort-Reward Imbalance(ERI)Questionnaire was used to investigate occupational stress in the ERI model.Results The detection rate of dyslipidemia among the research subjects was 52.7%.The detection rates of abnormal total cholesterol,triglyceride,LDL-C,and HDL-C were 35.7%,31.4%,24.3%,and 10.0%,respectively.The detection rate of high occupational stress among the research subjects was 26.3%.The result of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risks of dyslipidemia in overweight and obese employees were higher than that of normal body mass[odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)were 2.111(1.692-2.634)and 2.346(1.591-3.458),both P<0.01].The risk of dyslipidemia in lean body mass employees was lower than those with normal body mass[OR(95%CI)was 0.130(0.030-0.564),P<0.05].The risk of dyslipidemia in smokers was higher than that in non-smokers[OR(95%CI)was 1.462(1.124-1.902),P<0.01].Employees with 20-30 years and≥30 years of service had higher risks of dyslipidemia than those with<10 years of service[OR(95%CI)were 1.411(1.038-1.919)and 1.869(1.202-2.906),respectively,both P<0.05].The risk of dyslipidemia among employees with high effort level of occupational stress in ERI model was higher than those with low effort level[OR(95%CI)was 1.351(1.045-1.745),P<0.05].Conclusion Dyslipidemia prevalence is relatively high among the petrochemical enterprise employees.Overweight,obesity,smoking,long service years,and occupational stress in ERI model are influencing factors of dyslipidemia.To prevent dyslipidemia,it is necessary to streng

关 键 词：职业紧张 石油化工 血脂异常 总胆固醇 三酰甘油 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 影响因素 

分 类 号：R135.99[医药卫生—劳动卫生]