北京市医护人员抑郁症状影响因素分析  

Analyzing the influencing factors of depressive symptoms among medical staff in Beijing City

作　　者：胡丽[1] 刘丹 姚盛英 王姿欢[1] 孙志峰[3] 刘浏[1] 叶研[1] HU Li;LIU Dan;YAO Shengying;WANG Zihuan;SUN Zhifeng;LIU Liu;YE Yan(Beijing Center for Diseases Prevention and Control,Beijing 100020,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100020 [2]北京市西城区疾病预防控制中心,北京100032 [3]北京市东城区疾病预防控制中心,北京100009

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2024年第6期665-670,共6页China Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析北京市医护人员抑郁症状现状,以及其与焦虑症状、职业紧张和失眠症状的关联。方法采用多阶段抽样的方法,选择北京市8个市辖区28家医疗机构的2687名医护人员为研究对象,采用《全国重点人群职业健康素养监测调查个人问卷》《病人健康问卷抑郁量表》《广泛性焦虑量表》《职业紧张测量核心量表》《自我睡眠管理问卷》调查其基本情况、抑郁症状、焦虑症状、职业紧张和失眠症状。结果研究对象抑郁症状的检出率为28.3%;其中,中度、中重度、重度抑郁症状检出率依次为18.9%、6.9%和2.5%。焦虑症状检出率41.3%;其中,轻度、中度、重度焦虑症状检出率分别为29.7%、7.7%和3.9%。职业紧张检出率为26.7%。失眠症状检出率为36.6%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,男性医护人员检出抑郁症状的风险高于女性(P<0.05);夜班医护人员检出抑郁症状的风险高于非夜班者(P<0.05);焦虑症状程度越严重者检出抑郁症状的风险越高(P值均<0.01);有职业紧张医护人员检出抑郁症状的风险高于无职业紧张者(P<0.01);有失眠症状医护人员检出抑郁症状的风险高于无失眠症状者(P<0.01)。结论北京市医护人员的抑郁症状的检出率相对较高;性别、夜班、焦虑症状、职业紧张和失眠症状均是抑郁症状的独立影响因素。Objective To analyze the current situation of depressive symptoms among medical staff in Beijing City and its correlation with symptoms of anxiety,occupational stress and insomnia.Methods A total of 2687 medical staff from 28 medical institutions in eight municipal districts of Beijing City were selected as study subjects using multi-stage sampling method.The basic situation,depression symptoms,anxiety symptoms,occupational stress and insomnia symptoms were investigated using the National Occupational Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire for Key Groups,Patient Health Questionaire-9,7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale,Core Occupational Stress Scale,and Self-Sleep Management Questionnaire.Results The detection rate of depressive symptoms was 28.3%,and the detection rates of moderate,moderatesevere and severe depressive symptoms were 18.9%,6.9%and 2.5%,respectively.The detection rate of anxiety symptoms was 41.3%,and the detection rates of mild,moderate and severe anxiety symptoms were 29.7%,7.7%and 3.9%,respectively.The detection rate of occupational stress was 26.7%.The detection rate of insomnia symptoms was 36.6%.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of depressive symptoms in male medical staff was higher than that in female(P<0.05).The risk of depressive symptoms in night shift staff was higher than that in staff without night shift(P<0.05).The more severe the anxiety symptoms,the higher the risk of depressive symptoms(all P<0.01).The risk of depressive symptoms in medical staff with occupational stress was higher than those without occupational stress(P<0.01).The risk of depressive symptoms in medical staff with insomnia symptoms was higher than those without insomnia symptoms(P<0.01).Conclusion The detection rate of depressive symptoms among medical staff in Beijing City is relatively high.Gender,night shift,anxiety symptoms,occupational stress,and insomnia symptoms were independent risk factors of depressive symptoms.

关 键 词：医护人员 抑郁症状 焦虑症状 职业紧张 失眠症状 夜班 性别 影响因素 

分 类 号：R135.99[医药卫生—劳动卫生]