低剂量电离辐射对甲状腺影响的研究现状  

Research progress on the effects of low dose radiation on the thyroid gland

作　　者：董瑞爱 郭占春 庞英 马娅 陈睿 王小山 陈英民 DONG Ruiai;GUO Zhanchun;PANG Ying;MA Ya;CHEN Rui;WANG Xiaoshan;CHEN Yingmin(Shandong First Medical University(Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences)School of Preventive Medicine(Institute of Radiology),Jinan,Shandong 250117,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)预防医学科学学院(放射医学研究所),山东济南250117 [2]滕州市疾病预防控制中心,山东枣庄277000

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2024年第6期707-712,共6页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2021MH053);山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)青年科学基金培育资助计划项目(202201-001)。

摘　　要：甲状腺是对电离辐射敏感的内分泌体,放射工作人员在工作中接触的长期低剂量电离辐射(LDR)可能会导致其甲状腺功能紊乱或甲状腺结节的产生,二者的影响因素众多且错综复杂,包括但不限于环境因素(碘摄入水平)、职业因素(工龄、个人剂量)和个体因素(性别、年龄、吸烟、饮酒、肥胖、血压、血糖)等。目前长期LDR对放射工作人员甲状腺结节产生和甲状腺功能指标具体变化趋势尚无统一定论。后续尚需通过开展分子流行病学调查来探究其发病机制,也可以进行多中心、大样本的长期流行病学调查进一步验证现有研究成果;同时,加强放射工作人员的职业健康培训,规范个人剂量测量,有利于综合预防放射工作人员甲状腺疾病的产生,保障放射工作人员的职业健康。The thyroid gland is an endocrine organ sensitive to ionizing radiation.Long term exposure to low dose radiation(LDR)among radiation workers in work may lead to thyroid dysfunction or the formation of thyroid nodules.The influencing factors of these outcomes are various and multifaceted,including but not limited to environmental factors(iodine intake levels),occupational factors(length of service,personal dose),and individual factors(gender,age,smoking,alcohol consumption,obesity,blood pressure,blood glucose).Currently,there is no consensus on the specific trends of thyroid nodule development and thyroid function indicators in radiation workers caused by long-term LDR exposure.Therefore,molecular epidemiological investigations should be conducted to explore its pathogenesis in the future,and long-term epidemiological investigations with multiple centers and large samples can be conducted to further verify existing findings.Furthermore,strengthening occupational health training of radiation workers and standardizing personal dose measurement are beneficial for comprehensive prevention of thyroid diseases,and ensuring occupational health of radiation workers.

关 键 词：低剂量电离辐射 甲状腺 甲状腺结节 甲状腺功能 影响因素 

分 类 号：R146[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]