论科研人员的容错权  

Research on the Fault-tolerant Right of Scientific Researchers

作　　者：付大学 李心源 Fu Daxue;Li Xinyuan(Shanghai Judicial Research Institute,Shanghai University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 201701;School of Law,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387)

机构地区：[1]上海政法学院上海司法研究所,上海201701 [2]天津工业大学法学院,天津300387

出　　处：《天津法学》2024年第4期34-41,共8页Tianjin Legal Science

基　　金：2021年国家社科基金一般项目“财政资助研发项目风险的财税法规制与制度优化研究”的阶段性成果,项目编号:21BFX119。

摘　　要：目前我国科研人员容错免责的规范仅停留在抽象层面的激励范式,尚未形成具体的法律权利并加以保护。需要明确,科研人员的容错权是一项法律权利,该权利不仅来源于实在法上的形式标准,更来源于个人利益的存在以及利益共同善的正当性。本文将容错权分为完成科研任务过程中的容错权与未能完成科研任务的容错权。完成科研任务过程中的容错权包括尽职免责情形和容错纠错情形。未能完成科研任务的容错权核心要义为容错免责,表现为范围、条件与免责结果三方面的内涵。保障科研人员的容错权,需要相应的规范措施予以支撑。第一,应当建立科研人员容错权的制度体系,实现立法价值初衷;第二,优化科研人员行使容错权的监督机制,在保护权利的同时尽可能地实现成果产出;第三,明确科研人员容错权的救济途径,合理解决科研合同双方的纠纷争议,保障科研人员的合法权益。At present,the regulation of fault tolerance and exemption of scientific researchers in our country only stays at the abstract level of incentive paradigm,which has not formed the concrete legal right and protection.First of all,it needs to be clear that the right of fault tolerance of researchers is a legal right,which comes not only from the formal standard of positive law,but also from the existence of personal interests and the legitimacy of shared interests.Fault tolerance in the process of completing scientific research tasks includes due diligence exemption and fault tolerance and correction.The core meaning of fault tolerance right for failure to complete scientific research tasks is fault tolerance and exemption,which is manifested in three connotations:scope,condition and exemption result.Ensuring the fault tolerance of researchers requires corresponding regulatory measures to support it.Firstly,a system of fault tolerance for scientific researchers should be established to realize the original intention of legislative value;Secondly,we should optimize the supervision mechanism for researchers to exercise the right of fault tolerance,so as to achieve the output of achievements as much as possible while protecting their rights.Thirdly,it is necessary to clarify the remedies for the fault tolerance of researchers,reasonably solve the disputes between the two parties of scientific research contracts,and protect the legitimate rights and interests of researchers.

关 键 词：科研权利 科研宽容 容错权 容错免责 容错纠错 

分 类 号：D622[政治法律—政治学]