基于ISO2631-1:1997的出口机车司机暴露于全身振动的评价应用  

Evaluation Application of Export Locomotive Driver Exposure to Whole⁃body Vibration Based On ISO 2631-1:1997

作　　者：赵大伟 束昊昱 胡浩 ZHAO Dawei;SHU Haoyu;HU Hao

机构地区：[1]中车戚墅堰机车有限公司,江苏常州213011 [2]中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司,江苏常州213011

出　　处：《铁道技术监督》2025年第3期4-9,19,共7页Railway Quality Control

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(N2023J052)。

摘　　要：运行平稳性与乘坐舒适度是出口机车的关键验收项点,多数地区客户依据ISO2631-1:1997《机械振动与冲击人体暴露于全身振动的评价第1部分:通用要求》,提出以司机全身振动进行评估。与国内型式试验相比,该标准评估方法及限值存在明显区别,应开展司机全身振动评估的预研。结合典型出口氢燃料与内燃机车的评估实例,论述ISO2631-1:1997用于司机全身振动评估的关键点,涵盖坐姿人体全身振动的规定测点及坐标系、三向加速度计权均方根值的计算及对健康与舒适度影响的评价准则。根据2种机车的评估结果,座椅支撑面垂向振动对健康的影响明显高于纵向与横向,舒适度的影响程度依次为座椅支撑面、座椅靠背与放脚处的振动,且氢燃料机车明显优于内燃机车。该项研究结果将对海外机车的研制及验收,提供重要参考及定量依据。Ride quality and riding comfort are the key acceptance items of export locomotives.According to ISO 2631-1:1997 Mechanical vibration and shock-Evaluation of human exposure to wholebody vibration-Part1 General requirements,customers in most areas propose to evaluate the whole body vibration of drivers.Compared with domestic type test,the evaluation method and limit value of the standard are obviously different,so it is necessary to carry out preresearch on evaluation of driver exposure to wholebody vibration.The key points of ISO 2631-1:1997 applied to evaluate the driver exposure to wholebody vibration are discussed,including the specified measuring points and coordinate system of the whole body vibration in sitting position,the calculation of the weighing root mean square value of three paxial acceleration and the evaluation criteria of the influence on the driver's health and comfort,combined with the evaluation example of typical export hydrogen fuel and diesel locomotives.According to the evaluation results of two kinds of locomotives,the influence of vertical vibration of seat support surface on health is obviously higher than that of longitudinal and transverse vibration,and the influence degree on the driver's comfort is the vibration of seat support surface,seat back and foot in turn,and hydrogen fuel locomotive is obviously better than diesel locomotive.The study results will provide important reference and quantitative basis for the development and acceptance of overseas locomotives.

关 键 词：出口机车 运行平稳性 乘坐舒适度 全身振动 计权均方根 合成值 

分 类 号：U260.11-65[机械工程—车辆工程]