蓝宝石/Ag-Cu-3Ti/TC4合金钎焊接头组织演变与力学性能  

Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Sapphire/TC4 Alloy Joints Brazed by Ag-Cu-3Ti Filler Metal

作　　者：刘全明 肖俊峰[1] 唐文书[1] 高松[1] 孙华为 秦建 程亚芳 翟春华 黄庆 牛晨晖 Liu Quanming;Xiao Junfeng;Tang Wenshu;Gao Song;Sun Huawei;Qin Jian;Chen Yafang;Zhai Chunhua;Huang Qing;Niu Chenhui(Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Xi'an 710054,China;Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co.,Ltd,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Huaneng Nanjing Gas Turbine Power Plant Co.,Ltd,Nanjing 210034,China;Huanneng Jiangsu Energy Development Co.,Ltd,Nanjing 210015,China)

机构地区：[1]西安热工研究院有限公司,陕西西安710054 [2]郑州机械研究所有限公司,河南郑州450001 [3]华能南京燃机发电有限公司,江苏南京210034 [4]华能国际电力江苏能源开发有限公司,江苏南京210015

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2025年第2期474-480,共7页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52304385);陕西省重点研发计划(2024GX-YBXM-214);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2023-JC-QN0478);中国华能集团科技项目(HNKJ22-H16)。

摘　　要：针对蓝宝石/金属钎焊连接面临钎料对蓝宝石表面润湿性差难题,研究了蓝宝石/Ag-Cu-3Ti/TC4合金钎焊接头界面结构特征、钎焊温度及保温时间对钎焊接头剪切性能影响及钎焊界面连接机理。结果表明:蓝宝石与钎料形成致密冶金反应层,钎料反应层生成Ag基固溶体、Cu基固溶体和复杂晶体相等,TC4合金侧形成脆化层和晶间渗入区。随钎焊温度升高,钎焊接头抗剪切强度明显减小;随保温时间延长,接头抗剪切强度先增大后减小。钎焊接头断口呈蓝宝石脆性断裂和钎料“胶贴式”混合断裂形貌,钎焊连接仅靠少部分Ag-Cu-3Ti钎料与蓝宝石的界面冶金结合力。钎焊过程中Ti、Cu向蓝宝石侧扩散并富集到Al_(2)O_(3)表面,界面处发生充分固-液相作用形成稳定金属间化合物,TC4合金侧晶粒不断向基体生长,两者致使钎焊接头抗剪切强度明显提升。Sapphire/metal welding connection faces the challenge of poor wetting of sapphire surface by brazing materials.The interface structure of the sapphire/Ag-Cu-3Ti/TC4 alloy brazed joint,the effects of temperature and holding time on the shear properties,and the mechanism of interface connection were studied.The results show that the sapphire side forms a dense metallurgical reaction layer.The microstructure of the reaction layer is composed of Ag base solid solutions,Cu base solid solids and the crystal.TC4 alloy side forms a crispy layer and a crystal infiltration area.With the increase in brazing temperature,the shear strength of the brazed joint reduces significantly.As the holding time is prolonged,the shear strength of the brazed joint increases firstly and then decreases.The fracture surface of the brazed joint exhibits a mixed fracture morphology of the sapphire brittle fracture and filler metal“adhesive type”fracture.The brazing connection relies solely on the metallurgical bonding strength between a small portion of Ag-Cu-3Ti brazing metal and the sapphire.During the brazing process,Ti and Cu diffuse towards the sapphire side and accumulate on the surface of Al_(2)O_(3).Sufficient solid-liquid interaction occurs at the interface to form stable intermetallic compounds,and the TC4 alloy side grains continuously grow towards the matrix,resulting in a significant increase in the shear strength of the brazed joint.

关 键 词：蓝宝石 TC4合金 Ag-Cu-3Ti钎料 微观组织 剪切性能 

分 类 号：TG454[金属学及工艺—焊接]