夏季北黄海养马岛养殖区溶解甲烷浓度、影响因素及海-气交换通量  

Distributions,Influencing Factors and Fluxes of Dissolved Methane in the Coastal Waters Adjacent to Yangma Island Aquaculture Area,North Yellow Sea in Summer

作　　者：周晨霞[1,2] 温健文 翟方国 宋昌远 宋国栋 张桂玲[1,2] ZHOU Chenxia;WEN Jianwen;ZHAI Fangguo;SONG Changyuan;SONG Guodong;ZHANG Guiling(Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System,Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science,Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center,Qingdao 266237,China;College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学深海圈层与地球系统前沿科学中心和海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]青岛海洋科技中心海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室,山东青岛266237 [3]中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2025年第2期40-52,共13页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42430405,42076035,42176016,42176044)资助。

摘　　要：养殖海区是向大气中释放甲烷(CH_(4))的热点区域。本研究于2023年6月底、8月初和8月底对北黄海养马岛养殖区海域进行了3个航次调查,采集了表、底层海水样品,利用吹扫捕集-气相色谱法对样品进行分析测定,以认识夏季养殖区海水中溶解CH_(4)的分布特征并估算其海–气交换通量。结果显示,夏季养马岛养殖区海域表、底层溶解CH_(4)浓度范围分别为3.32~25.29 nmol/L和4.13~33.29 nmol/L,受沉积物释放的影响,底层溶解CH_(4)浓度整体高于表层。受陆源输入、物理过程、生物活动等因素的影响,CH_(4)的水平分布具有明显的空间差异性,其中,近岸河口处CH_(4)浓度明显高于远岸海域,贝类养殖区明显高于非养殖区。室内受控培养实验和现场调查结果显示,浮游植物产CH_(4)等有氧产生过程是夏季该海域表层富氧水体中过剩甲烷ΔCH_(4)的来源。夏季3个航次的表层海水CH_(4)的平均饱和度分别为(364±201)%、(499±212)%和(402±134)%,均处于过饱和状态,同时利用W2014公式估算出养马岛养殖区海域夏季表层海水CH_(4)的海-气交换通量为(18.87±28.82)μmol/(m^(2)·d),表明夏季该海域是大气CH_(4)的净源。The oceans represent a natural source of atmospheric methane(CH_(4)),with estuaries,shelf areas,and near-shore seas collectively accounting for 16% of the global ocean area and contributing approximately 75% of the total annual CH_(4) release.The release of CH_(4) from estuaries and near-shore areas is influenced by human activity such as sewage discharge and aquaculture.Hence,it is a scientific priority to study the production and release of CH_(4) in near-shore aquaculture areas and understand the factors influencing its distribution.Three cruises were conducted in the Yangma Island aquaculture area of the North Yellow Sea at the end of June,and in early and late August 2023.Surface and bottom seawater samples were collected to understand regional dissolved CH_(4) distribution characteristics,and sea-air fluxes were estimated based on the CH_(4) concentrations in surface water and wind speeds.The dissolved CH_(4) concentrations in surface waters obtained during the three cruises during summer were(8.88±4.99),(11.30±4.81),and(9.10±3.03)nmol/L(Mean±SD),and the dissolved CH_(4) concentrations in bottom seawaters were(14.25±7.99),(16.15±5.93),and(10.88±4.08)nmol/L,respectively.The CH_(4) concentrations in the bottom water were significantly higher than those at the surface,because of CH_(4) release from the sediments.The bottom CH_(4) concentrations were 2~6 nmol/L higher than those in the surface water at most stations at the end of June and beginning of August,owing to the presence of water column stratification,which effectively impeded the transportation of CH_(4) produced by the sediment,to the upper seawater.By the end of August,the water column stratification had dissipated,resulting in a notable reduction in the discrepancy between the surface and bottom CH_(4) concentrations.The distribution of dissolved CH_(4) concentrations in the Yangma Island aquaculture area was predominantly influenced by river inputs,aquaculture activity,and algal and microbial processes.High CH_(4) concentrations were observ

关 键 词：养马岛养殖区 甲烷 水产养殖 海-气交换通量 

分 类 号：P734[天文地球—海洋化学]