HTR-PM燃料元件抽吸装置吸嘴结构优化研究  

Research on the Nozzle Structure Optimization of HTR-PM Fuel element Suction Device

作　　者：雷伟俊 史进 夏和明 徐思成 LEI Wei-jun;SHI Jin;XIA He-ming;XU Si-cheng(Huaneng Nuclear Energy Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200126,China;China Nuclear Power Operation Technology Corporation Ltd.,Wuhan Hubei 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]华能核能技术研究院有限公司,上海200126 [2]中核武汉核电运行技术股份有限公司,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《机电产品开发与创新》2025年第2期25-28,共4页Development & Innovation of Machinery & Electrical Products

基　　金：华能集团总部科技项目“高温气冷堆燃料装卸系统运维技术研究”资助(HNKJ22-H01)。

摘　　要：高温气冷堆燃料装卸系统运行过程中,不可避免的会发生球形燃料元件在管道内部卡堵,堆积等异常情况,由于燃料元件具有极高的放射性,人员无法接近,只能通过球路抽吸疏通装置实现卡堵解除和存球取出。球路抽吸疏通装置的工作原理是利用抽吸管内外的差压,通过吸嘴将卡堵的球形燃料元件、小尺寸的破碎元件吸住并将其转移至专用的处置罐中实现解卡,对于石墨粉尘等微小颗粒,直接通过吸嘴的过滤板转移至抽吸装置滤芯内。吸嘴性能优劣对于实现燃料元件的解卡非常重要,因此对吸嘴结构进行研究很有必要。本文通过对球路抽吸疏通装置的吸嘴进行建模,基于COMSOL软件对不同内径、长度、滤板厚度和过滤孔分布形式的吸嘴进行仿真建模,比较了各吸嘴出口位置平均流速大小,以最大出口流速为优化目标进行吸嘴的结构优化,并将优化后的吸嘴与优化前的吸嘴进行流场对比分析。结果表明,优化后的新型吸嘴在出口处,速度相比优化前的增大162.3%,吸嘴出口处极易形成吸力,有利于对球形燃料元件、小尺度破碎元件以及石墨粉尘进行抽吸。During the operation of fuel handling system in HTRR,it is inevitable that the spherical fuel element will be stuck in the pipeline,accumulation and other abnormal situations.Due to the extremely high radioactivity of the fuel element,personnel can not approach it,and the blockage can only be lifted and the ball can be removed through the ball suction dredging device.The working principle of the ball suction dredging device is to use the differential pressure inside and outside the suction pipe to absorb the stuck spherical fuel element and small size crushing element[3]through the suction nozzle and transfer it to a special disposal tank to achieve unstuck.For small particles such as graphite dust,it is directly transferred to the filter element of the suction device through the filter plate of the suction nozzle.The performance of the nozzle is very important for the realization of fuel element unstuck,so it is necessary to study the structure of the nozzle.In this paper,the suction nozzle of the ball suction dredging device is modeled,and the suction nozzle with different inner diameter,length,filter plate thickness and filter hole distribution form is simulated based on COMSOL software.The average flow velocity at the outlet position of each suction nozzle is compared,and the structure of the suction nozzle is optimized with the maximum outlet flow velocity as the optimization objective.The optimized nozzle is compared with the pre-optimized nozzle.The results show that the speed of the optimized nozzle at the outlet is increased by 162.3%compared with that before optimization,and the suction is easily formed at the outlet of the optimized nozzle,which is conducive to the suction of spherical fuel elements,small-scale crushing components and graphite dust.

关 键 词：燃料装卸系统 吸嘴 结构优化 流场分析 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]