采煤工作面顶板事故防治措施研究  

Preventive and Control Measures for Roof Accidents in Coal Mining Face

作　　者：崔海海 CUI Haihai(Duerping Coal Mine,Xishan Coal Electricity Group,Shanxi Coking Coal Group,Taiyuan 030022,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西焦煤西山煤电杜儿坪矿,山西太原030022

出　　处：《能源与节能》2025年第3期185-187,191,共4页Energy and Energy Conservation

摘　　要：针对采煤工作面顶板事故的发生机制和特点,对其类型及原因进行了系统分析,并提出了相应的防治与保护措施。在分析顶板事故类型时,将其归纳为推垮型、压垮型、漏垮型、冲垮型和局部岩块冒顶事故,并针对每种类型进行了详细探讨。接着,深入探讨了造成这些事故的原因,包括矿山压力、地质构造、检查工作不到位和安全管理意识淡薄等方面。最后,针对采煤工作面顶板事故的防治与保护,提出了一系列措施,包括综采工作面冒顶的防治、单体液压支柱的防治、大面积冒顶的防治、工作面两端头冒顶的防治,以及根据地质条件采取增强顶板支护、加强安全意识管理等方面的措施。这些措施的提出能够有效预防和减少采煤工作面顶板事故的发生,保障矿工的生命安全和矿井的正常生产。A systematic analysis was conducted on the occurrence mechanism and characteristics of roof accidents in coal mining faces,including their types and causes,and corresponding prevention and protection measures were proposed.When analyzing the types of roof accidents,they were classified as push collapse,crushing collapse,leakage collapse,flushing collapse,and local rock collapse accidents,and each type was discussed in detail.Furthermore,the causes of these accidents were thoroughly explored,including mining pressure,geological structure,inadequate inspection work,and weak safety management awareness.Finally,a series of measures were proposed for the prevention and protection of roof accidents in coal mining faces,including the prevention and control of roof collapse in fully mechanized mining faces,the prevention and control of single hydraulic supports,the prevention and control of large-scale roof collapse,the prevention and control of roof collapse at both ends of the working face,as well as protective measures taken according to geological conditions,strengthening roof support,and enhancing safety awareness management.The proposal of these measures can effectively prevent and reduce the occurrence of roof accidents in coal mining faces,ensuring the safety of miners'lives and the normal production of mines.

关 键 词：采煤工作面 顶板事故 防治措施 安全管理 

分 类 号：TD327.2[矿业工程—矿井建设]