中美日韩全劳动生产率水平的国际比较——基于世界投入产出嵌套表的测算  

International Comparison of Total Labor Productivity in China,America,Japan and South Korea——Measurement Based on the Nested World Input-Output Table

作　　者：戴艳娟[1] 邢嘉浩 李洁[2] 泉弘志 DAI Yanjuan;XING Jiahao;LI Jie;IZUMI Hiroshi(School of Economics and Trade,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou,Guangdong,China;Department of Economics,Saitama University,Saitama,Japan;Department of Economics,Osaka University of Economics,Osaka,Japan)

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学经济贸易学院 [2]埼玉大学经济学部 [3]不详

出　　处：《政治经济学季刊》2024年第4期118-146,共29页Political Economy Quarterly

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目《粤港澳贸易往来资料整理与研究(1840—2020)》(项目号:23&ZD066)的资助。

摘　　要：现有的世界投入产出表是价值型投入产出表,非实物型投入产出表,在进行国际比较时需要利用购买力平价(PPP)作为转换系数,对各国生产率水平进行横向比较。本文根据ICP发布的155行业的PPP编制了中美日韩16个产业的PPP,分别得到中日、中韩和中美的价格比,并将基于OECD的WIOD数据和Eora MRIO数据形成的嵌套表测算的中美日韩四国的16个产业的全劳动量转换为可比价格下的全劳动量,进一步比较四国分行业的全劳动生产率水平。结果显示:整体来看,2011年美国的全劳动生产率在中美日韩四国中都处于优势地位;分行业来看,中国食品制造业、纤维制品业和电机制造业等第二产业的全劳动生产率与美日韩三国差距较大,而交通运输业和通信邮政业的差距则较小。The existing world input-output tables are value-based input-output tables,not physical input-output tables.When conducting international comparisons,it is necessary to use purchasing power parity(PPP)as a conversion factor to compare productivity levels across countries.This paper calculates the PPPs for 16 industries in China,the U.S.,Japan,and South Korea based on the 155 industries PPPs published by the ICP,and derives the price ratios for China-Japan,China-South Korea,and China-U.S.Furthermore,it transforms the total labor input for the 16 industries in China,the U.S.,Japan,and South Korea,as calculated from the nested tables based on OECD's WIOD and Eora MRIO data,into real total labor input without price differences.This allows for a comparison of the total labor productivity levels across the four countries by industry.The results show that,overall,in 2011,the U.S.had a dominant position in total labor productivity among the four countries(China,the U.S.,Japan,and South Korea).By industry,China's total labor productivity in secondary industries,such as food manufacturing,textile production,and electrical machinery manufacturing,lagged significantly behind that of the U.S.,Japan,and South Korea,while the gap was smaller in transportation and communication services.

关 键 词：全劳动生产率 全要素生产率 购买力平价 生产率水平比较 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]