“处理公开个人信息”的刑法规制边界  

The boundary of the criminal law regulation for“dealing with publicly available personal information”

作　　者：黄明儒[1] 陈伊奋 HUANG Mingru;CHEN Yifen(Law School,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《佛山科学技术学院学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期40-48,共9页Journal of Foshan University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(22A0111);湖南省普通高等学校教学改革研究重点项目(HNJG-2022-0070)。

摘　　要：对已公开个人信息的处理行为是否定罪或者基于何种标准定罪,刑法理论界和实务界尚未达成共识。无罪说之绝对无罪的观点,以及“二次授权说”之未经权利人同意的处理行为一律入罪的观点,在《民法典》《个人信息保护法》等前置法已经确立“合理处理”正当性规则的前提下,无疑违背了法秩序相对统一性的原理。而“合理处理说”引入前置法的正当性规则,并以此作为处理行为刑法规制边界的判断基石,正是法秩序相对统一性的应有之义,也体现了刑法兼顾信息保护和信息利用的价值取向。在坚持“合理处理说”的基础上,对“合理处理”的标准予以进一步细化,应当从处理目的和处理方式的合理性两个层面入手。一方面处理目的要符合合法性、正当性、明确性三项要求;另一方面处理方式需符合信息公开时的合理预期,同时满足比例原则中的适当性、必要性与平衡性的要求。There are significant differences in criminal law theory and practice as to whether the processing of publicly available personal information should be convicted,or on what basis should be convicted.The view of absolute innocence in the theory of innocence,as well as the view in the“secondary authorization theory”that all acts of handling without the consent of the right holder should be convicted,undoubtedly violates the principle of the relative unity of legal order,given the premise that prepositive laws such as the Civil Code and the Personal Information Protection Law have already established the legitimacy rule of“reasonable processing”.The“reasonable processing”theory introduces the rule of the predecessor law,and takes it as the cornerstone for judging the boundaries of criminal law in dealing with acts,which is precisely the proper meaning of the unity of the legal order,and also reflects the pursuit of the value orientation of criminal law towards a reasonable balance between information protection and information utilization.On this basis,interpretation of the“reasonable processing”standard should be at the level of both reasonable purpose and reasonable manner.On the one hand,the purpose of processing should be legitimate,legal and clear.On the other hand,the means of processing should be consonant with the legitimate expectations at the time of public information disclosure.Meanwhile,it must meet the requirements of appropriateness,necessity and balance in the principle of proportionality.

关 键 词：公开的个人信息 合理处理规则 侵犯公民个人信息罪 法秩序相对统一 流通价值 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]