由实而虚:唐朝肃代之际中书令的职权演变  

From Substantive to Nominal:The Transformation of the Authority of Zhongshu Ling during the Transition from Emperor Suzong to Daizong in Tang Dynasty

作　　者：黄波 HUANG Bo(School of History and Culture,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学历史文化学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《内江师范学院学报》2025年第3期47-53,共7页Journal of Neijiang Normal University

摘　　要：开元、天宝年间,中书令政治资望极高,备受皇帝宠信,在玄宗朝政务处理过程中俨然“首相”姿态。安史之乱以后,肃宗朝廷草创,当时并无实际资望和地位可拜中书令者,朝廷政务遂由中书侍郎加相衔者处理,中书令逐渐“边缘化”。与此同时,郭子仪、李光弼等功勋之臣先后加中书令衔,中书令成为勋官的趋势相当明显。大历二年(767),代宗对中书、门下两省长官品秩的调整完成了中书令“退出中枢”的职权转换。从玄宗到肃代之际,中书令职权“由实而虚”的演变过程通过肃宗即位以来朝廷中枢的人事安排得以展现,这是肃代两朝统治者不断进行“权利博弈”、调整政治体制的必然结果。During the Kaiyuan and Tianbao reigns,Zhongshu Ling(the Chief Secretary of the Secretariat,ZSL)with exceptionally high political prestige enjoyed great favor and trust from the Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty and effectively acted as a prime minister in handling state affairs.After the An-Shi Rebellion(755-763),the newly established court of Emperor Suzong lacked individuals of sufficient prestige and status to appoint as ZSL.Consequently,state affairs were managed by Zhongshu Shilang(Vice Secretary of the Secretariat)granted the title of the prime minister.Therefore,the ZSL gradually marginalized in the court.Concurrently,distinguished ministers,like GUO Ziyi and LI Guangbi,were successively awarded the title of ZSL which then gradually became an honorary title.The adjustment of the ranks of the Zhongshu(Secretariat)and Menxia(Chancellery)headed by Emperor Daizong in the second year of Dali(767)completed the transformation of the ZSL’s role from a central to a peripheral position.The evolution of the ZSL’s authority from substantive to nominal during the transition from Emperor Xuanzong to Suzong and Daizong is demonstrated in the central court’s personnel arrangements following Emperor Suzong’s ascension.The evolution also results from continuous power struggles and adjustments of political system by the courts of Suzong and Daizong respectively.

关 键 词：唐朝 肃代之际 中书令 

分 类 号：K242.2[历史地理—历史学]