从宗教到世俗:启蒙运动时期西欧社会救济思想的转型与创新  

From Religious to Secular:The Transformation and Innovation of Social Relief Thought in Western Europe during the Enlightenment Era

作　　者：丁建定 Ding Jianding(School of Sociology/Elder Service Research Center,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学社会学院 [2]湖北省普通高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地华中科技大学养老服务研究中心

出　　处：《社会保障评论》2025年第2期147-157,共11页Chinese Social Security Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“西方社会保障制度史(多卷本)”(19ZDA234)。

摘　　要：启蒙运动时期是西欧社会的重要转型时期,对社会救济的认识构成该时期西欧启蒙思想的重要内容。关于贫困及其成因的解释、对穷人提供救济必要性的争论、实施适度救济的有限共识,以及有关如何预防贫困所提出的全新主张等,构成这一时期西欧社会救济思想的重要内容。这一时期,西欧的社会救济思想虽然具有鲜明的复杂性,但是,从宗教性转向世俗性则是其根本特征。启蒙运动时期西欧的社会救济思想奠定了现代西方社会保障思想的基础。During the Enlightenment,Western European society underwent significant transformations,leading to profound changes in the understanding of social relief,which became a crucial component of Enlightenment thought.The evolving discourse on social relief encompassed varying explanations of poverty and its causes,debates on the necessity of aiding the poor,limited consensus on appropriate relief measures,and emerging proposals for poverty prevention.Despite the complexity of social relief ideas during this time,their defi ning characteristic was a shift from religious to secular perspectives.The social relief thought of Western Europe during the Enlightenment provided the intellectual foundation for modern Western social security concepts.

关 键 词：启蒙运动 贫困 社会救济 互助保险 转型 创新 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]