油中脉冲电弧压力波流固界面动力学特性研究  

Investigation of Fluid-solid Interface Dynamics and Characteristics of Pressure Waves by Pulsed Arc Discharge in Oil

作　　者：李元 王亚桢 施沛澍 袁磊 郑翔州 段娜娜 张冠军[1] LI Yuan;WANG Yazhen;SHI Peishu;YUAN Lei;ZHENG Xiangzhou;DUAN Nana;ZHANG Guanjun(School of Electrical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,Shaanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电气工程学院,陕西省西安市710049

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2025年第6期2196-2202,I0012,共8页PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHINESE SOCIETY FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB2407000)。

摘　　要：油中电弧产生的陡强压力波是导致变压器燃爆事故的直接原因,研究油中电弧放电产压、传播及其效应对变压器重大故障防御、电力设备安全性提升都具有重要意义。该文建立油中脉冲电弧压力波光-电联合诊断平台,结合高速纹影动态图像和压力传感测量结果,阐明了电弧两阶段产压的动态过程;提出基于历史匹配法的油中电弧压力波传播数值模型,修正纯油中的衰减系数,进而明确油箱壁面、L型拐角等固体阻挡物对油中瞬态压力波传播过程的影响。实验与仿真结果均表明,刚性壁面在气泡坍缩过程中引发气泡内产生高速射流,显著增强了气泡对壁面的冲击效应,压力波在箱壁拐角处易产生汇聚和重叠作用,导致局部压力骤增,增加了变压器油箱结构损伤和破裂风险。The intense pressure waves resulting from arc discharges in oil constitute a primary cause of transformer explosions.Understanding the generation,propagation,and effects is of great significance for preventing devasted failures and enhancing equipment safety.This study establishes an optical-electrical diagnostic platform for pulsed arc-induced pressure waves,and employs high-speed schlieren imaging and pressure sensing to clarify pressure generation of arc.A historical matching-based simulation model provides an insight into the influences of tank walls and L-shaped corner on the transient wave propagation.Experimental results agree well with the simulation.It has been shown that tank walls induce the occurrence of a high-velocity jet within collapsing bubbles,and hence intensifying the wall impact.Meanwhile,the pressure waves converge at L-shaped corners,causing localized pressure concentration and structural damage and even break risk of the tank.

关 键 词：变压器油 压力波 传播特性 流固耦合 

分 类 号：TM411[电气工程—电器]