故障穿越期间光伏机组直流电压动态响应机理及改进方法  

Influence Mechanism of Voltage Dynamics of Photovoltaic DC Bus During Fault Ride-through and Its Improve Strategy

作　　者：贾焦心 杨添淇 邓晓洋 颜湘武[1] 张建坡[1] 王俣珂 王德胜 JIA Jiaoxin;YANG Tianqi;DENG Xiaoyang;YAN Xiangwu;ZHANG Jianpo;WANG Yuke;WANG Desheng(Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Storage and Micro-grid of Hebei Province(North China Electric Power University),Baoding 071003,Hebei Province,China;State Grid Jibei Electric Co.,Ltd.,Research Institution,Xicheng District,Beijing 100045,China;State Grid Shanghai Electric Co.,Ltd.,Shibei Power Supply Company,Jing’an District,Shanghai 200072,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省分布式储能与微网重点实验室(华北电力大学),河北省保定市071003 [2]国网冀北电力有限公司电力科学研究院,北京市西城区100045 [3]国网上海市电力公司市北供电公司,上海市静安区200072

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2025年第6期2230-2242,I0016,共14页PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHINESE SOCIETY FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52207102)。

摘　　要：目前光伏电源异常电压穿越研究主要着眼于故障期间的限流和无功控制方法,鲜有研究者关注故障恢复阶段是否满足要求。光伏电源在经历低电压或高电压故障并成功穿越后,直流母线电压恢复速度相比故障出现时的上升速度更慢,这会影响保护动作的灵敏度和可靠性,不利于应对连续电压故障。针对该问题,首先,从电气层面分析光伏电源在遇到异常电压故障时的运行状态变化过程,并基于此介绍异常电压穿越控制的必要性与工作原理;随后,根据光伏阵列的P-U曲线与逆变器直流母线电压变化原理,从两个角度对出现这一现象的原因进行分析;最后,提出一种可以有效改善直流母线电压恢复速度的方法。经过多种工况的仿真和实验验证均证明方法的有效性,可提高光伏电源在经受多频次、长时间异常电压时的连续故障穿越能力。At present,the researches on abnormal voltage ride-through of photovoltaic power mainly focus on the current limiting and reactive power control method during fault.However,limited attention has been given to whether the transition stage after voltage fault meets the requirements.The DC bus voltage recovery speed is slower than the rising speed when the fault occurs,which will affect the sensitivity and reliability of the protection action and hinder the effective management of the continuous voltage fault.In order to solve this problem,this paper first analyzes the operation state change process of photovoltaic power supply when it encounters abnormal voltage fault from the electrical level.On this basis,the necessity and working principle of abnormal voltage ride-through control strategy are introduced.Then,according to the P-U curve of the photovoltaic array and the change principle of the inverter DC bus voltage,the reasons for this phenomenon are analyzed from two angles.Finally,a method that can effectively improve the recovery speed of the DC bus voltage is proposed.The method is verified to be effective by simulation under various working conditions,and it can improve the continuous fault ride-through capability of the photovoltaic power supply when the photovoltaic power supply is subjected to multi-frequency and long-time abnormal voltage.

关 键 词：异常电压穿越 光伏发电 直流母线电压控制 逆变器控制 

分 类 号：TM464[电气工程—电器]