太极拳锻炼对绝经后女性骨密度和骨小梁评分的影响  

The effect of tai chi exercise on bone mineral density and trabecular bone score in postmenopausal women

作　　者：孙金秋 杨俊超 苏佳 王曦梓 谭京京[1] 邱俊强 Sun Jinqiu;Yang Junchao;Su Jia;Wang Xizi;Tan Jingjing;Qiu Junqiang(Beijing Research Institute of Sports Science,Beijing 100075,China;Department of Exercise Biochemistry,Exercise Science School,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Beijing Sports Nutrition Engineering Research Center,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市体育科学研究所群众体育研究室,100075 [2]北京体育大学运动人体科学学院运动生物化学教研室,100084 [3]运动营养北京市高等学校工程研究中心,100084

出　　处：《中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志》2025年第1期22-28,共7页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发专项资助(2018YFC2000600),北京市体育局科研课题(2023BTP005)。

摘　　要：目的探讨太极拳锻炼对绝经后女性骨密度和骨小梁评分的影响。方法招募123名太极拳锻炼和未参加规律体育锻炼绝经后女性,分为太极3年以上组[n=41,锻炼年限:(10.5±5.3)年]、太极1年以上组[n=41,锻炼年限:(1.6±0.6)年]和不参加规律体育锻炼的对照组(n=41)。使用双能X线吸收检测法(DXA)测试股骨颈、全髋以及腰椎骨密度(BMD)。运用TBSiNsight®软件分析腰椎DXA图像,得出骨小梁评分值(TBS)。结果太极3年以上组左、右侧股骨颈BMD[(0.86±0.12)g/cm^(2)、(0.85±0.12)g/cm^(2)]均大于非太极组[(0.77±0.11)g/cm^(2)、(0.78±0.11)g/cm^(2)],差异具有统计学意义(t=3.273、2.738,P<0.01),左、右侧全髋BMD[(0.94±0.13)g/cm^(2)、(0.94±0.13)g/cm^(2)]均大于非太极组[(0.87±0.11)g/cm^(2)、(0.87±0.11)g/cm^(2)],差异具有统计学意义(t=2.425、2.316,P<0.05)。腰椎4 TBS、L1~L4 TBS均大于非太极组,差异具有统计学意义(t=2.390、2.000,P<0.05)。结论3年以上太极拳锻炼可以改善绝经后中老年女性骨密度和骨微结构,尤其是在延缓股骨颈、髋关节骨密度以及腰椎骨小梁评分下降方面。Objective To explore the effect of Tai Chi exercise on bone mineral density and trabecular bone score in postmenopausal women.Methods 123 postmenopausal women who practiced Tai Chi and did not participate in regular physical exercise were recruited and divided into a Tai Chi group of 3 years or more(n=41,exercise duration:10.5±5.3y),a Tai Chi group of 1 year or more(n=41,exercise duration:1.6±0.6y),and a control group who did not participate in regular physical exercise(n=41).Use Dual Energy X-ray Absorption(DXA)to test bone mineral density(BMD)of the femoral neck,total hip,and lumbar spine.Using TBSiNsight®software analyzes lumbar spine DXA images and obtains Trabecular Bone Score(TBS).Results The BMD of the left and right femoral neck in the Tai Chi group for more than 3 years was higher than that in the non Tai Chi group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The total hip BMD of the left and right sides was higher than that in the non Tai Chi group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The L4 TBS and L1-L4 TBS of the lumbar spine were higher than those of the non Tai Chi group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Tai Chi exercise for more than 3 years can improve bone mineral density and microstructure in postmenopausal middle-aged and elderly women,especially on the delayed decline of bone density in the femoral neck,hip joint,and lumbar trabeculae.

关 键 词：太极拳 绝经后女性 骨密度 骨小梁评分 锻炼年限 

分 类 号：G85[文化科学—民族体育]