紧急经济权的理论确证:一种可能的紧急权分类  

Theoretical Confirmation of Emergency Economic Power:A Possible Classification of Emergency Power

作　　者：张耀源 滕宏庆[3,4] Zhang Yaoyuan;Teng Hongqin

机构地区：[1]东南大学法学院 [2]东南大学人权研究院(国家人权教育与培训基地) [3]华南理工大学法学院 [4]华南理工大学广东省法学会重点法治研究基地“法治评价与研究中心”

出　　处：《风险灾害危机研究》2024年第1期25-53,共29页Journal of Risk, Disaster & Crisis Research

基　　金：2023年度研究阐释党的二十大精神国家社科基金重大项目“营造市场化、法治化、国际化一流营商环境”(23ZDA056)支持

摘　　要：为应对重大突发事件对国内经济造成的持续不良影响,我国各级各地政府出台了一系列“助企纾困”政策。然而,这些政策的权力基础其实并不能被经济行政权完全证成。故而,引入国家紧急权理论,并围绕其类型特征、历史渊源和规范体系进行深入理论研究就显得极为必要。作为紧急权在经济领域衍生出的子权力分支,紧急经济权既拥有紧急权的特权特征,又兼具常规经济行政权的部分属性。紧急经济权的正当基础可以分为形式与实质两个方面:在形式上要求确立事中监管和事后救济的严格程序;在实质上除明确要求“恢复正常经济秩序和保护公共利益”的首要目的外,还要求坚持“保障公民经济基本权利”的核心价值。就紧急经济权的功能而言,一方面其承继了紧急权的人权保障功能,另一方面其自身又发展出特殊的经济安全保障功能。然而,随着被愈加频繁地应用于常规状态之中,紧急经济权实际上已逐渐成为现代政府常规经济调控措施的权力理论来源。In order to cope with the continuous adverse impact of major emergencies on the domestic economy,Chinese governments at all levels have issued a series of“help enterprises rescue”policies.However,the power basis of these policies is not fully proved by the economic executive power.Therefore,it is very necessary to introduce the theory of national emergency and conduct in-depth theoretical research on its type characteristics,historical origin and normative system.As a sub-power branch derived from the emergency power in the economic field,the emergency economic power not only has the privilege characteristics of the emergency power,but also has part of the attributes of the conventional economic administrative power.The legitimate basis of emergency economic power is mainly divided into two aspects:form and substance.In form,it requires the establishment of strict procedures for in-process supervision and relief after the event.In substance,in addition to clarifying the primary purpose of“restoring normal economic order and protecting public interests”,the core value of“safeguarding basic economic rights”should be upheld.In terms of the function of emergency economic power,on the one hand,it inherits the human rights protection function of emergency right,and on the other hand,it has developed a special economic security guarantee function by itself.However,as the emergency economic power is more frequently applied in the conventional state,it has gradually become the theoretical source of the power of the conventional economic regulation measures of the modern government.

关 键 词：紧急经济权 “助企纾困” 紧急权 经济行政权 权力正当基础 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济] D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]