试论长沙地区西汉诸侯王墓的用玉制度——以五座西汉长沙王、王后墓出土玉器为例  

A Preliminary Discussion of the System of Using Jade in Tombs of Western Han Vassal Kings in the Changsha Area:Exemplified by Jade Vessels Unearthed from Five Western Han Tombs of Kings and Queens of Changsha

作　　者：李瑞嘉 Li Ruijia(School of History,Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学历史学院

出　　处：《湖南考古辑刊》2024年第1期266-280,共15页Journal of Hunan Archaeology

摘　　要：西汉时期是中国古代墓葬用玉的一个高峰期,考古发掘已发现了汉代贵族墓葬中有着大量使用玉器的情况。在长沙地区曾发现了五座可以推定为西汉时期长沙国诸侯王墓的大型墓葬,虽然多遭盗毁,但仍出土了丰富而精美的玉器,它们是用于研究汉代玉器的重要资料。根据西汉时期长沙国诸侯王墓出土玉器的情况,可将墓葬用玉分为礼玉、装饰玉、陪葬玉三类,其具有礼仪、殓葬、装饰、陪葬等功能。出土玉器不仅可以反映长沙国诸侯王墓的用玉制度,还体现着长沙国与汉帝国的社会思想信仰与发展状况。The Western Han Dynasty marks a peak period for the use of jade in ancient Chinese tombs.Archaeological excavations have revealed a large number of jade vessels used in the tombs of Han nobles.Five large tombs have been found in the Changsha area,which can be presumed to be the tombs of Western Han Vassal Kings of the Changsha Kingdom.Although heavily looted,they have still yielded plentiful exquisite jade vessels,which are important materials for the study of jade vessels of the Han Dynasty.According to the jade vessels unearthed from the tombs of the Western Han Vassal Kings of the Changsha Kingdom,the jade vessels used for burial can be divided into ritual jade vessels,decorative jade vessels and funerary jade vessels,which respectively have ritual,funerary,decorative and burial functions.The unearthed jade vessels can not only reflect the jade use system in the tombs of the Changsha kings,but also reflect the social ideological belief and development of the Changsha Kingdom and the Han Empire.

关 键 词：长沙国 汉代诸侯王墓 丧葬 用玉制度 

分 类 号：K876.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K234.1[历史地理—历史学]