三贵口铅锌矿中深孔爆破参数优化研究与应用  

Optimization and Application of Medium and Deep Hole Blasting Parameters in Sanguikou Lead-Zinc Mine

作　　者：冯庆杰 谷亚州 周颜军 FENG Qingjie;GU Yazhou;ZHOU Yanjun(State Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Low-Grade Refractory Gold Ores,Shanghang,Fujian 364200,China;Zijin Mining Group Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen,Fujian 361008,China;Zijin(Changsha)Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]低品位难处理黄金资源综合利用国家重点实验室,福建上杭县364200 [2]紫金矿业集团股份有限公司,福建厦门市361008 [3]紫金(长沙)工程技术有限公司,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2025年第3期66-73,共8页Mining Research and Development

摘　　要：为解决三贵口铅锌矿采用分段凿岩阶段空场嗣后充填法回采矿块时大块率较高、二步骤回采时两侧充填体及顶柱破坏严重、矿石贫化率较大等问题,对原有爆破参数进行了优化研究。采用76 mm的炮孔直径,基于岩石可钻性及可爆性分析,通过理论计算得到排距为1.8 m,孔底距为2.1 m;或者排距为1.9 m,孔底距为2.0 m。由现场工业试验可知,与使用原爆破参数的采场相比,采用优化后的爆破参数,矿石贫化率降低了19.8%,损失率降低了4.6%,炸药单耗降低了12.2%,大块率降低了34.8%。应用LS-DYNA有限元软件对爆破参数优化前后的爆破效果进行模拟分析,结果表明,采用优化后的爆破参数进行爆破时,矿石大块率较小,爆破作用对两侧的充填体、顶柱及凿岩巷道眉线的损伤也较小。In order to solve the problems such as high block rate,severe damage to the filling bodies and top pillars on both sides during the two-step mining process,and high ore impoverishment rate encountered during the mining by sublevel drilling and stage open stope with subsequent filling method in Sanguikou lead-zinc mine,optimization research was conducted on the original blasting parameters.Using a diameter of the blast hole of 76 mm and based on the analysis of rock drillability and blastability,through theoretical calculation,it is determined that the row spacing is 1.8 m and the hole bottom spacing is 2.1 m;alternatively,the row spacing is 1.9 m and the hole bottom spacing is 2.0 m.According to on-site industrial tests,compared with the stope using the original blasting parameters,the optimized blasting parameters reduced ore impoverishment rate by 19.8%,ore loss rate by 4.6%,the explosive consumption by 12.2%,and the block rate by 34.8%.The simulation analysis of the blasting effect before and after optimization of blasting parameters was conducted using LS-DYNA finite element software,and the simulation results showed that when using optimized blasting parameters for blasting,the ore block rate is lower,and the damage to the filling body on both sides,top pillar,and rock drilling roadway arch line is minimal.

关 键 词：爆破效果 中深孔爆破 参数优化 数值模拟 充填体 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]