叠式台阶流对铜矿分选特征的影响研究  

Influence of Stacked Step Flow on the Separation Characteristics of Copper Mine

作　　者：彭帝 杨明悦 柳忠彬 曾涛 刘少北 蒋春蕾 PENG Di;YANG Mingyue;LIU Zhongbin;ZENG Tao;LIU Shaobei;JIANG Chunlei(School of Mechanical Engineering,Sichuan University of Science&Engneering,Yibin,Sichuan 644000,China;Sichuan Provincial Key Lab of Process Equipment and Control,Yibin,Sichuan 644000,China;Sichuan Province Engineering Laboratory of Mine Tailings Resource Utilization,Yibin,Sichuan 644000,China;Sichuan Special Equipment Inspection Institute,Chengdu,Sichuan 610199,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xichang University,Xichang,Sichuan 615013,China)

机构地区：[1]四川轻化工大学机械工程学院,四川宜宾市644000 [2]过程装备与控制工程四川省高校重点实验室,四川宜宾市644000 [3]四川省矿山尾渣资源化利用工程实验室,四川宜宾市644000 [4]四川省特种设备检验研究院,四川成都610199 [5]西昌学院机械与电气工程学院,四川西昌市615013

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2025年第3期261-270,共10页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：四川省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2021YFG264);四川省凉山州重点研发计划项目(22ZDYF0164);过程装备与控制工程四川省高校重点实验室开放基金项目(GK202410);四川轻化工大学“652”科研创新团队项目(SUSE652A010)。

摘　　要：为高效分选铜矿,基于离心重选技术,结合反向流化与台阶流原理,在Knelson选矿机基础上提出了一种叠式台阶流分选模型,在离心分选的基础上实现二次分选。利用Fluent软件对叠式台阶流模型分选流场的压强、切向速度与轴向速度的分布规律进行分析;研究了转速与反向流流速对铜矿分选特征的影响。结果表明,流场压强分布从中心到壁面逐渐增大,但由于存在反向流作用力,压强最大值并未完全贴合壁面;切向速度在台阶处发生突变,表明有涡旋产生,有利于轻颗粒分选;轴向速度整体呈现上升流,有利于分选后的轻颗粒从上出口排出;Cu颗粒的轴向体积浓度分布呈现由下到上递减的趋势,靠近壁面处径向体积浓度最高,SiO_(2)颗粒在轴向方向顶部体积浓度最高,径向方向壁面处体积浓度较低;当进料速度为0.5 m/s、转速为50 r/min、反向流流速为0.012 m/s时,Cu颗粒的回收率为87.70%,富集比为13.45,叠式台阶流模型对SiO_(2)颗粒与Cu颗粒的分选效果最佳。颗粒体积分数云图表明,Cu颗粒富集在台阶流内壁凹面处,SiO_(2)颗粒由于涡旋与反向流作用力分选后,在壁面凹处体积分数低,更加直观体现了叠式台阶流模型的分选效果。研究结果可为离心选矿设备的改进提供参考。In order to efficiently separate copper ore,a stacked step flow separation model was proposed according to Knelson concentrator based on centrifugal gravity separation technology combined with reverse fluidization and step flow principle,and secondary separation was realized on the basis of centrifugal separation.The distribution of pressure,tangential velocity and axial velocity in the separation flow field of the stacked step flow model was analyzed by Fluent software.The effects of rotational speed and reverse flow velocity on the separation characteristics of copper ore were studied.The results show that the pressure distribution of the flow field increases gradually from the center to the wall surface.However,due to the presence of reverse flow force,the maximum pressure does not fully fit the wall surface.The abrupt change of tangential velocity at the step indicates that there is a vortex,which is conducive to the separation of light particles.The axial velocity as a whole presents an upward flow,which is conducive to the discharge of light particles from the upper outlet after separation.The axial volume concentration distribution of Cu particles shows a decreasing trend from bottom to top,and the radial volume concentration is the highest near the wall surface,while the volume concentration of SiO_(2) particles is the highest at the top of the axial direction,and the volume concentration is lower at the radial direction.When the feed speed is 0.5 m/s,rotational speed is 50 r/min,and reverse flow velocity is 0.012 m/s,it can be obtained that the recovery of Cu particles is 87.70%,and enrichment ratio is 13.45.The stacked step flow model has the best effect on the separation of SiO_(2) particles and Cu particles.The cloud images of particle volume fraction show that Cu particles are enriched in the concave of the inner wall of the step flow,and SiO_(2) particles have a low volume fraction in the concave of the wall due to the separation force of vortex and reverse flow,which more directly shows the separat

关 键 词：叠式台阶流 离心分离 反向流化 分选特征 

分 类 号：TD952[矿业工程—选矿] TD922