婚姻、杂居与移民:明治时代日本知识界的人种论  

Mixed Marriage,Mixed Residence,and Emigration:Racial Theories in Japanese Intellectual Circles during the Meiji Era

作　　者：宋晓煜 Song Xiaoyu(Institute of China Studies,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Shanghai 200235,China)

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院世界中国学研究所,上海200235

出　　处：《复旦学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期104-114,共11页Fudan Journal(Social Sciences)

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学规划青年课题“近代日本的种族身份建构与国家认同研究”(项目批准号:2021ELS003)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：明治时代,日本人与外国人的交集日益增多,跨国婚姻、内地杂居、对外移民都成为热点议题,而人种论是其中不可被忽略的元素。日本人与中国人在人种上的同质性/异质性也成为日本知识界讨论三项议题时的焦点之一。围绕跨国婚姻,支持者或是期待“黄白杂婚”带来的人种改良效果,或是期待日本人在杂居和移民过程中对混血儿的同化,相比偏重父系血统的跨国婚姻法令及法律,某种意义上更具“男女平等”的色彩。围绕内地杂居,知识界关心的是日本人种如何才能在优胜劣汰的竞争场中存活下去。围绕对外移民,他们更在意人种特征能助力日本“多余”人口移民至何处,其中包含着侵略扩张的野心。During the Meiji era in Japan,the Japanese had increasing opportunities to interact with foreigners.Mixed marriage,mixed residence(Naichi Zakkyo),and emigration became important issues in the intellectual circles,and racial theories are the important elements among the discussions.In addition,the racial homogeneity/heterogeneity between Japanese and Chinese became one of the focal points of the three issues in the Japanese intellectual circles.In the case of mixed marriage,some supporters expect the racial improvement effect brought about by"yellow-white mixed marriage,"on the other hand,some supporters expect the assimilation of mixed-race children in the process of mixed residence and emigration.Both sides were more advanced than Japan's decrees and laws on mixed marriages in the sense of"gender equality."In the case of mixed residence,intellectuals are concerned about how the Japanese race can survive in this competition of survival of the fittest.In the case of emigration,they are more concerned about where the racial characteristics can help"surplus"laborers emigrate to,which included the ambition of aggression and expansion.

关 键 词：人种 跨国婚姻 内地杂居 对外移民 混血儿 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]