从毒品输出看日本对华盛顿体系的突破和“东亚新秩序”的构建——基于20世纪30年代国联鸦片档案资料的研究  

Japan's Breakthrough in Washington System and the Construction of"New East Asian Order"from the Perspective of Drug Problem:A Research Based on Opium Archives of the League of Nations in 1930s

作　　者：钱锋[1] 闫洪菁 Qian Feng;Yan Hongjing(Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Science,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学人文社会科学高等研究院,重庆400044

出　　处：《复旦学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期115-126,共12页Fudan Journal(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：近代日本是继英国之后有计划、有组织地利用鸦片侵略中国最甚的国家。对华毒品贸易表面上是一场日本与中国之间的冲突,而从国际关系的角度来看,则是日本与华盛顿体系间的冲突。一战后,为约束日本独霸东亚的行为,以美国为首的列强建立起了华盛顿体系。但奉行侵略扩张“大陆政策”的日本,则要谋求建立以自身为中心的“东亚新秩序”。在此过程中,日本选择了成瘾性强、利润高的对华毒品贸易为突破口,从中掠夺了大量财富,以充实所需资金。日本为规避国际舆论的谴责和攫取利益以实现侵略扩张的国家追求,采取了禁毒与纵毒的两面性应对策略。日本毒化中国的行为是对华盛顿体系的挑战,但在国联鸦片顾问委员会上,美国和英国采取了和对待“九一八事变”同样的绥靖政策,致使日本在对华毒品贸易上变本加厉,并最终通过设置“兴亚院”以统筹鸦片贸易,选择退出国联鸦片常设委员会,以巨额毒品利润助力构建“东亚新秩序”。In modern times,Japan is the country that used drug aggression against China most seriously after Britain.The drug trade between Japan and China seems to be a conflict between Japan and Washington system in the perspective of international relations.After World War I,in order to restrict Japan's behavior of seeking to monopolize East Asia,the United States led the Western powers to establish the Washington system.However,Japan,which pursues the policy of aggression and expansion"Continental Policy,"wants to seek to establish a"new East Asian order"with itself as the center.In this process,Japan chose drug trafficking as a breakthrough,which is highly addictive and profitable,and robbed a large amount of wealth to enrich the necessary funds.Japan adopted a twopronged response strategy of prohibiting drugs and tolerating drugs to evade international condemnation and obtain interests in order to achieve the national pursuit of aggression and expansion.Japan's poisoning behavior is a challenge to the Washington system,but at the League of Nations Opium Advisory Committee,the United States and Britain adopted the same appeasement policy as they did for the September 18 Incident.The appeasement attitude of the United States and Britain made Japan become more aggressive in drug trafficking against China,and finally set up the"Asia Development Institute"to coordinate opium trade,choose to withdraw from the League of Nations Opium Advisory Committee,and use huge drug profits to help build the"new East Asian order."

关 键 词：华盛顿体系 日本毒品贸易 “东亚新秩序” 国联鸦片顾问委员会 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]