典型铝合金模拟热带滨海大气环境室内加速腐蚀试验研究  

Study on Accelerated Corrosion Experiment of Typical Aluminum Alloy in Simulated Tropical Coastal Atmospheric Environment

作　　者：李轩 朱蕊蘋 郭文营 卓先勤 吴金龙 张泽群 邬聪 肖葵 吴俊升 LI Xuan;ZHU Ruiping;GUO Wenying;ZHUO Xianqin;WU Jinlong;ZHANG Zequn;WU Cong;XIAO Kui;WU Junsheng(Aerospace Science and Technology Defense Technology Research and Experimental Center,Beijing 100039,China;Office of the First Military Representative of the Equipment Department of the Air Force of the Chinese Liberation Army in the Beijing Area,Beijing 100084,China;Hainan International Commercial Space Launch Co.,Ltd.,Wenchang 571300,China;Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]航天科工防御技术研究试验中心,北京100039 [2]中国人民解放军空军装备部驻北京地区第一军事代表室,北京100084 [3]海南国际商业航天发射有限公司,海南文昌571300 [4]北京科技大学新材料技术研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《材料保护》2025年第3期28-39,共12页Materials Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52371051);国家科技基础资源调查专项(2019FY101400)。

摘　　要：铝合金因其质量轻、耐腐蚀性能优良等特点在海洋工程装备领域得到了广泛的应用,但海洋大气环境的复杂性及严苛性会使铝合金部件遭受严重的腐蚀破坏。采用室内循环盐雾加速试验的方法研究了典型铝合金2A12、5A02在模拟热带滨海大气环境下的腐蚀行为与规律,分析了不同循环周期样品的腐蚀微观形貌、腐蚀产物成分和电化学行为,并与户外暴露试验进行对比,采用灰色关联法对在户外环境暴露试验结果与室内加速试验结果的相关性进行了量化分析。结果表明:2A12、5A02样品的腐蚀失重与时间的关系均符合幂函数规律,试验后铝合金表面都产生了明显的点蚀,腐蚀产物成分以Al_(2)O_(3)、AlO(OH)为主。随着试验时间的延长,铝合金点蚀程度加深,蚀坑的数量和深度都有所增长,5A02铝合金表面产生的点蚀坑的数量及深度低于2A12铝合金。电化学阻抗拟合结果也表明,随着循环加速周期的增加,5A02铝合金的耐蚀性要优于2A12铝合金。通过对比户外试验与室内试验结果可以得出结论:室内循环盐雾加速试验能够较好地模拟户外暴露试验结果,在点蚀深度变化、失重动力学方面较好地反映了铝合金的腐蚀行为及规律,但随着暴露时间的延长,模拟相关性会有一定的下降。本研究为完善优化典型铝合金室内加速腐蚀试验与户外暴露试验的相关性提供了基础试验数据。Aluminum alloys are widely used in the field of marine engineering owing to lightweight and excellent corrosion resistance.However,the complexity and severity of the marine atmospheric environment can lead to serious corrosive damage to aluminum alloy components.The corrosion behavior and regularity of typical aluminum alloy 2A12 and 5A02 under simulated tropical coastal atmospheric environment were studied by indoor cyclic salt spray accelerated test.The corrosion micromorphology,corrosion product composition and electrochemical behavior of samples with different cyclic periods were analyzed and compared with outdoor exposure test.In addition,the correlation between the results of outdoor environmental exposure test and indoor accelerated test was quantitatively analyzed by grey relational method.Results showed that the relationship between corrosion weight loss and time of 2A12 and 5A02 samples conformed to the law of power function.After the test,obvious pitting corrosion occurred on the surface of aluminum alloy,and the corrosion products primarily consisted of Al2O3 and AlO(OH).With the extension of the test time,the pitting degree of aluminum alloy was deepened,and the number and depth of pitting pits increased.Meanwhile,the number and depth of pitting pits on the surface of 5A02 aluminum alloy were lower than that of 2A12 aluminum alloy.The electrochemical impedance fitting results also showed that the corrosion resistance of 5A02 aluminum alloy was better than that of 2A12 aluminum alloy with the increase of cycle acceleration period.By comparing the results of outdoor test and indoor test,it could be concluded that indoor cyclic salt spray acceleration test could simulate the results of outdoor exposure tests well,and reflect the corrosion behavior and law of aluminum alloy well in terms of pitting depth change and weight loss dynamics.However,the simulation correlation would decrease with the extension of exposure time.Overall,this study provides basic test data for optimizing the correlation between in

关 键 词：典型铝合金 滨海大气环境 加速腐蚀试验 循环盐雾 腐蚀行为 

分 类 号：TG172[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]