乡镇政府公共服务能力的多重堕距:生成、表征与破解路径  

Multi-dimensional Lags in Public Service Capacity of Township Governments:Generation,Manifestations,and Resolution Pathways

作　　者：曹现强[1,2] 李琼 Cao Xianqiang;Li Qiong(Institute of State Governance,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China;School of Political Science and Public Administration,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学国家治理研究院,山东济南250100 [2]山东大学政治学与公共管理学院,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《东方论坛—青岛大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期123-132,F0002,共11页Eastern Forum(JOURNAL OF QINGDAO UNIVERSITY)

基　　金：山东省习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心研究项目;山东省社会科学规划项目“健全共建共治共享的社会治理制度和提升社会治理效能研究”(22AWJ35)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：基层治理是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的基础环节,乡镇政府则是国家治理体系的基础和重点,扮演着“最后一公里”的执行者和打通者角色。当前,乡镇政府普遍面临公共服务供给的系统性失衡问题,对上繁杂任务目标加重负担,对下群众需求多样难以满足。从组织活动的复杂性来看,这便是一种乡镇政府的能力堕距现象。研究发现,经由向上维度的压力传导与资源掣肘、向下维度的需求响应与供给失焦以及自身维度的组织嬗变与能力断层共同作用,乡镇政府公共服务能力建设存在制度堕距、资源堕距、组织堕距、执行堕距和文化堕距,这本质上是物质环境与适应环境间系统性张力的现实反应。对此,需通过制度调适、资源整合、组织变革、过程强化以及文化塑造的协同,推进堕距破解以实现能力跃迁。Grassroots governance constitutes a foundational component in the modernization of the national governance system and capabilities,with township governments serving as the operational bedrock and critical node in the state governance framework,functioning as the"last-mile"executors and enablers.Currently,township governments are generally faced with systemic imbalances in public service provision,with escalated administrative burdens from the higher-level accountability mechanisms and various unmet demands from the public societal expectations.From the perspective of the complexity of organizational activities,this phenomenon isa kind of capability lag in township governance.Research findings indicate that due to the combined effects of upward pressure transmission and resource constraints,downward demand response and supply misalignment,as well as internal organizational transformation and capability gaps,there exist institutional,resource,organizational,execution,and cultural lags in the capacity building of public services by township governments.Essentially,this is a realistic response to the systemic tension between the material environment and the adaptive environment.To address this,it is necessary to promote the resolution of lags through the coordinated efforts of institutional adjustment,resource reorganization,organizational change,process strengthening and cultural shaping in order to resolve capability lap and achieve a leap in capacity.

关 键 词：基层治理 乡镇政府 能力堕距 公共服务 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]