网络公共领域的政府参与和建构:历史源流与类型分析  

Government Participation and Construction in the Networked Public Sphere:Historical Origins and Typological Analysis

作　　者：邱雨 QIU Yu(School of MarxismXi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学马克思主义学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《求实》2025年第2期28-40,M0004,共14页Truth Seeking

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“习近平总书记关于掌握信息化条件下舆论主导权重要论述研究”(24CKS003),负责人:邱雨。

摘　　要：网络公共领域作为公共领域在互联网时代的新形态,具有虚拟性、强交互性、群聚传播等核心特征。互联网时代技术红利不仅赋予了大众发声能量,也为政府以更为立体的角色治理网络公共领域和引导网络舆论提供了良好契机。不同于前互联网时代作为公共领域评判对象或交往客体的政府,在互联网时代,交往模式的革命性变化使政府在网络公共领域中成为集客体与主体角色于一体的存在。借助网络扁平化交往结构,政府可以实现对网络公共领域和网络民意的便捷调研、吸纳和回应,从而实现网络舆论引导的过程性在场;政府还可以充分利用互联网空间的虚拟交往特征,发挥自身的公信力、组织力、人力等优势,建设政府主导的网络公共领域,实现对网络公共领域的“开源型”和“导流型”建构,从而实现对网络舆论更加高效和精准的主导。如果说在“规制者”角色“外部”视角之下,政府和网民形成了一种分立、紧张、非合作关系,那么,在参与者与建构者角色的“内部”视角之下,政府和网民则形成了一种同行、共建、合作关系,从而推动网络公共领域健康发展。The networked public sphere,as a new form of public sphere in the internet era,is characterized by virtuality,strong interactivity,and collective communication.The technological dividends of the internet age have not only empowered the public to voice their opinions but also provided an excellent opportunity for the government to govern the networked public sphere and guide online public opinion in a more multidimensional role.In the pre-internet era,the government was merely a subject of evaluation or an object of interaction within the public sphere.However,the revolutionary changes in interaction modes in the internet era have enabled the government to assume both object and subject roles within the networked public sphere.With the help of flattened interaction structure of the internet,the government can efficiently investigate,absorb,and respond to the networked public sphere and online public opinion,thereby achieving a procedural presence in guiding online discourse.Furthermore,the government can fully utilize the virtual interaction features of the internet space,give full play to its own advantages of credibility,organizational capabilities,and human resources,construct a government-led networked public sphere and implement the"open-source"and"diversion-oriented"constructions of the networked public sphere,thus achieving more efficient and precise governance of online public opinion.If,from the"external"perspective of the"regulators",the government and netizens form a relationship marked by separation,tension,and non-cooperation,then from the"internal"perspective of the"participants"and"constructors",the government and netizens form a relationship characterized by company,co-construction and cooperation,thereby promoting the healthy development of the networked public sphere.

关 键 词：政府治理 网络公共领域 政府参与 政府建构 开源型建构 导流型建构 

分 类 号：D630.8[政治法律—政治学] D035[政治法律—中外政治制度]