地球科学进展与趋势——从构造演化、成矿机制、资源开发到新兴探测技术  

Progress and trends in Earth sciences——From tectonic evolution,mineralization mechanisms,and resource development to emerging exploration technologies

作　　者：梁锋[1,2,3] 华丽娟 刘志强 费红彩[1,2] 潘静 LIANG Feng;HUA Lijuan;LIU Zhiqiang;FEI Hongcai;PAN Jing(Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing,100037;Geological Society of China,Beiing,100037;State Key Laboratory of Deep Earth and Mineral Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing,100094)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院,北京100037 [2]中国地质学会,北京100037 [3]深地探测与矿产勘查全国重点实验室,中国地质科学院,北京100094

出　　处：《地质论评》2025年第2期607-624,共18页Geological Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:42174126);国际科学组织联盟基金项目(编号:ANSO CR PP 202204);国家重点专项(编号:2024ZD1002201,2024ZD1002206)的成果。

摘　　要：笔者等综述了第37届国际地质大会的研究进展,涵盖了地球动力学、成矿机制、矿产资源勘查与开发以及新兴地球探测技术等重要领域。在构造演化方面,数值模拟和高精度地球物理观测手段的进展促进了对俯冲带、造山带和大陆裂解过程的深入理解,并对板块构造理论提出了新的挑战。成矿机制研究取得了突破,对关键金属(锂、钴、镍、稀土等)矿床、造山型金矿床、斑岩型铜金矿床和IOCG型矿床的成因机制有了新认识,同时还应用机器学习技术进行矿产资源预测。能源资源勘探方面,研究者们深入探讨了油气成藏机制、地热能开发利用和矿产资源可持续发展问题,并关注非常规油气资源的开发。新兴地球探测技术,包括高精度同位素地球化学技术、遥感技术、地球物理成像技术以及人工智能技术,在矿产勘探、资源评价和环境监测等方面展现出巨大潜力。未来地球科学研究将更加注重多学科交叉融合和技术创新,加强数据共享与国际合作,以应对全球性挑战,为人类社会可持续发展提供重要的科学支撑。This paper reviews the research progress presented at the 37th International Geological Congress covering key areas such as geodynamics,ore deposit genesis,mineral resources development and emerging Earth exploration technologies.In the field of tectonic evolution advancements in numerical simulation and high-precision geophysical observation techniques have facilitated a deeper understanding of subduction zones orogenic belts and continental rifting processes while also posing new challenges to plate tectonics theory.Significant breakthroughs have been made in the study of ore deposit genesis leading to new insights into the formation mechanisms of key metal deposits(such as lithium cobalt nickel rare earths)orogenic gold deposits porphyry copper-gold deposits and IOCG deposits while machine learning techniques have also been applied to mineral resource prediction.In the realm of energy resource exploration researchers have extensively explored petroleum reservoir formation mechanisms geothermal energy development and utilization and the sustainability of mineral resource development with a particular focus on unconventional oil and gas resource development.Emerging Earth exploration technologies including high-precision isotopic geochemical techniques remote sensing technologies geophysical imaging techniques and artificial intelligence show great potential in mineral exploration resource evaluation and environmental monitoring.Future Earth science research will place greater emphasis on interdisciplinary integration and technological innovation enhancing data sharing and international collaboration to address global challenges and provide critical scientific support for the sustainable development of human society.

关 键 词：地球动力学 矿床成因 矿产资源勘查 深地探测 人工智能与大数据 

分 类 号：P61[天文地球—矿床学]