湖南省乌龙山天然无公害富硒土地划定、成因分析与开发利用展望  

Delineation and cause analysis of natural pollution-free selenium-rich land in Wulong Mountain

作　　者：肖凯琦 巩浩 戴亮亮 李毅 李凯 许青阳 葛菲 刘松杭 XIAO Kaiqi;GONG Hao;DAI Liangliang;LI Yi;LI Kai;XU Qingyang;GE Fei;LIU Songhang(Changsha General Survey of Natural Resources Center,Changsha,410600;Huangshan Observation and Research Station for Land—water Resources,Huangshan,Anhui,245000;Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha,410600;Geophysical Survey Center of China Geological Survey,Langfang,Hebei,065000)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局长沙自然资源综合调查中心,长沙410600 [2]黄山水土资源野外科学观测研究站,安徽黄山245000 [3]中南林业科技大学林学院,长沙410600 [4]中国地质调查局地球物理调查中心,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《地质论评》2025年第2期625-634,共10页Geological Review

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目“湘西片区土地质量地球化学调查”(编号:DD20211576)的成果。

摘　　要：笔者等以湖南省龙山县乌龙山为研究区,基于1∶5万土地质量地球化学调查数据,围绕土壤富硒程度、环境质量、灌溉水质及农作物硒含量等4个方面开展综合评价,划定出天然无公害富硒土地区域,并结合该区域土壤硒成因进行分析,探究土壤硒来源和影响因素。结果表明:①研究区土壤Se含量为0.19~0.84μg/g,平均值与中位值分别为0.48μg/g和0.45μg/g,是全国表层土壤的2.24倍。土壤Se含量大于0.4μg/g的土地面积为15.18 km^(2)(22770亩,1亩=2000/3 m^(2)),占研究区72%,具有较高的富硒开发前景。②研究区土壤As、Hg、Cr和Pb等元素含量均低于GB15618-2018《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准》筛选值,Cd元素含量均低于筛选值的占比为62%,土壤环境质量优良,灌溉水质良好,农作物富硒率为80%。③研究区土壤中Se与Cd、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn、P、N和有机碳呈显著正相关关系,与pH存在负相关关系。在土壤剖面垂向上,呈现出表聚性特征,土壤Se含量主要受有机碳、黏土矿物、酸碱度等多种因素综合作用的结果。笔者等共划定天然无公害富硒土地13251亩,通过对Se成因分析,研究区天然富硒土壤中Se元素来源于黑色炭质硅质岩层的冲洪积成土母质,来源稳定,笔者等的研究成果可为当地富硒农产品种植、富硒产业开发、支撑乡村振兴提供理论依据。Methods:This article takes Wulong Mountain in Longshan County,Hunan Province,as the research area.Based on 1∶50000 land quality geochemical survey data,a comprehensive evaluation is carried out around four aspects:soil selenium enrichment degree,environmental quality,irrigation water quality,and crop selenium content.A natural and pollution-free selenium rich land area is delineated,and the causes of soil selenium in this area are analyzed to explore the sources and influencing factors of soil selenium.Results:①The soil Se content in the study area ranges from 0.19μg/g to 0.84μg/g,with an average and median value of 0.48μg/g and 0.45μg/g,respectively,which is 2.24 times higher than the surface soil in China.The land area with soil Se content greater than 0.4μg/g is 15.18 km^(2)(22770 acres),accounting for 72%of the research area,and has high prospects for selenium rich development.②The content of elements such as As,Hg,Cr,and Pb in the soil of the research area is lower than the screening value of GB15618-2018 Soil Environmental Quality and Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Risk Control Standard.The proportion of Cd element content is 62%lower than the screening value.The soil environmental quality is excellent,the irrigation water quality is good,and the selenium rich rate of agricultural crops is 80%.③There is a significant positive correlation between Se and Cd,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb,Zn,P,N,and organic carbon in the soil of the study area,while there is a negative correlation with pH.In the vertical direction of the soil profile,the soil Se content is mainly the result of the comprehensive effect of various factors such as organic carbon,clay minerals,and pH,exhibiting surface aggregation characteristics.Conclusions:In this study,a total of 13251 acres(1 acre=2000/3 m^(2))of natural and pollution-free selenium rich land were designated.Through analysis of the causes of Se,it was found that the Se element in the natural selenium rich soil in the study area comes from the alluvial soil parent material of black

关 键 词：硒 富硒土地 影响因素 成因分析 湖南乌龙山 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]