视网膜栓子  

Retinal emboli

作　　者：黄厚斌[1,2] Huang Houbin(Senior Department of Ophthalmology,PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China;Department of Ophthalmology,Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital,Sanya Hainan,572013,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院眼科医学部,北京100853 [2]解放军总医院海南医院眼科,海南三亚572013

出　　处：《眼科》2025年第2期88-99,共12页Ophthalmology in China

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划高新技术项目(ZDYF2024GXJS032);军队后勤科研项目保健专项课题(23BJZ37);海南省卫生健康行业科研项目(22A200351)。

摘　　要：视网膜栓子是造成视网膜血管阻塞性疾病如视网膜动脉阻塞最重要的原因,往往认为这些栓子是固态的、坚硬的。本文系统梳理了对视网膜栓子的认识过程,详细分析视网膜栓子的来源、组成成分、特征,以及不同栓子的鉴别等。尽管视网膜栓子包括胆固醇栓子、钙化栓子、血小板纤维素栓子等,绝大部分视网膜栓子是来源于动脉粥样斑块的胆固醇栓子(Hollenhorst斑),是液态粥样物质,而不是固态的。本文澄清了对视网膜栓子的一些片面认知,有助于提高视网膜栓塞性疾病的诊治水平。Retinal embolization is the main cause of occlusive retinal vascular diseases such as retinal artery occlusion.Retinal emboli have been regarded as solid and rigid substances.This article systemically reviewed the historical recognition of retinal emboli,and analyzed the sources,components,characteristics and differentiation of various retinal emboli.Although retinal emboli consist of cholesterol,calcific and platelet-fibrin ones,most retinal emboli,coming form atheroma,are cholesterol Hollenhorst plaque and gruel but not solid materials.We clarify some fallible perceptions and it is helpful to improve the understanding for occlusive retinal vasculopathies.(Ophthalmol CHN,2025,34:88-99)

关 键 词：视网膜栓子 视网膜血管阻塞性疾病 

分 类 号：R56[医药卫生—呼吸系统]