昆明主城区主汛期2次局地大暴雨过程对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Two Local Heavy Torrential Rain ProcessesDuring Main Rainy Season in Urban Area of Kunming City

作　　者：王廷东 王将 马志敏[2] 邹阳 刘彬 WANG Tingdong;WANG Jiang;MA Zhimin;ZOU Yang;LIU Bin(Kunming Meteorological Bureau of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650501,China;Yunnan Meteorological Observatory,Kunming 650034,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省昆明市气象局,云南昆明650501 [2]云南省气象台,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《山地气象学报》2025年第1期9-17,共9页Journal of Mountain Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42375043、42365007);中国气象局水文气象重点开放实验室课题(23SWQXZ008);中国气象局复盘总结专项(FPZJ2023-122);云南省气象局创新团队项目(2022CX01);云南省气象局科研项目(YZ202306、YZ202450)。

摘　　要：【目的】对比分析2023年昆明主城区主汛期7月28日(过程1)和8月5日(过程2)2次最强的局地大暴雨过程。【方法】利用NCEP(1°×1°)FNL资料和多种加密观测资料,基于天气学诊断分析。【结果】过程1在降水强度、降水量、强降水范围和对流环境方面均小于过程2。过程1的主要影响系统是切变线、印度半岛的热带低压和南海台风“杜苏芮”;过程2的是大陆高压外围(西南侧)的偏南气流、印度半岛、中南半岛的热带低压和南海台风“卡努”。平均径向速度显示,2个过程最大小时雨量站点附近4个体扫出现了弱到中等强度的中气旋,可推测有超级单体风暴生成,导致较强雨强产生。过程1雷达回波主要演变特征为在切变线附近不断有对流单体风暴生成,后向传播特征明显,形成NW-SE向块状混合性回波缓慢西南移;过程2雷达回波主要特征为在大陆高压外围偏南气流控制下形成块状混合性回波,风速较小,后向传播特征明显,块状混合性回波少动。【结论】加深对此类天气过程的了解和认识,可为昆明主城区局地大暴雨预报提供参考。Based on NCEP(1°×1°)FNL data and various frequently-observed data as well as the synoptic analysis method,two extreme local heavy rainstorm processes on July 28(Process 1)and August 5(Process 2)during main rainy season in 2023 in main urban area of Kunming are compared and analyzed.The results are as follows.Process 1 was weaker than Process 2 in terms of precipitation intensity,precipitation amount,severe precipitation range,and convective environment.The major impact systems of Process 1 were the shear line,the tropical depression over the Indian Peninsula,and the South China Sea Typhoon Doksuri,while Process 2 was influenced by the southerly airflow in the southwest periphery of the continental high-pressure system,the tropical depression in the Indian Peninsula and Indochina Peninsula,and the South China Sea Typhoon Khanun.The average radial velocity shows that four volume scans near the maximum hourly rainfall stations during the two processes experienced weak-to-moderate intensity mesocyclones,which suggests the formation of supercell storms leading to the generation of severe rainfall intensity.The main radar echoes evolution feature of Process 1 was the continuous generation of convective cell storms near the shear line,with obvious backward propagation characteristics,forming NW-SE block-shaped mixed echoes slowly moving southwest.By contrast,Process 2 was featured with the formation of block-shaped mixed echoes under the control of southward airflow in the periphery of the continental high pressure,with low wind speed and obvious backward propagation.Moreover,the block-shaped mixed echoes were not so active.The findings of this research can deepen the understanding of such processes and provide references for the local heavy rainstorm forecasting in urban area of Kunming City.

关 键 词：局地大暴雨 对比分析 降水强度 雷达回波 逆风区 昆明主城区 

分 类 号：P426.61[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]