1984—2023年贵州省0 cm地温的时空变化特征分析  

Spatio-temporal Variation Characteristics of 0 cm GroundTemperature in Guizhou Province from 1984 to 2023

作　　者：方鹏 曾妮 苟杨 刘思洋 王冉熙 邓安 FANG Peng;ZENG Ni;GOU Yang;LIU Siyang;WANG Ranxi;DENG An(Anshun Meteorological Office of Guizhou Province,Anshun 561000,China;Qiannan Bouyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Meteorological Office of Guizhou Province,Duyun 558000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省安顺市气象局,贵州安顺561000 [2]贵州省黔南布依族苗族自治州气象局,贵州都匀558000

出　　处：《山地气象学报》2025年第1期52-57,86,共7页Journal of Mountain Meteorology

基　　金：贵州省气象局科研业务项目(黔气科登[2024]03-04)。

摘　　要：【目的】为探究近40 a贵州省0 cm地温的时空变化特征。【方法】利用1984—2023年贵州省81个国家气象站的日平均0 cm地温资料,采用回归分析、Mann-Kendall非参数统计检验及Pettitt检验等方法,对近40 a贵州省0 cm地温的时空变化特征进行分析。【结果】(1)贵州省年和四季平均地温总体呈上升趋势,且年及春、夏、秋三季呈显著上升趋势(P<0.01),地温的空间分布呈南高北低,东高西低,夏季地温高值区主要位于贵州省东部和南部边缘地区,年和春、秋、冬三季地温的高值区主要位于贵州省南部边缘地区。(2)贵州省年及四季平均地温均出现了上升突变,其中年及春、夏两季地温集中在21世纪头10 a发生突变,秋季地温在1997年发生突变,突变后升温幅度更加显著,地温突变前后升温幅度为春季>秋季>夏季>年>冬季。(3)地温倾向率呈现春季[0.54℃·(10 a)^(-1)]>秋季[0.41℃·(10 a)^(-1)]>夏季[0.27℃·(10 a)^(-1)]>冬季[0.23℃·(10 a)^(-1)]的规律,其空间分布表现为“西高东低”的特征,年及四季均有90%以上的站点地温倾向率大于0,且除夏季和冬季以外,年及春、秋两季地温倾向率有85%以上的站点通过P<0.05的显著性检验。【结论】在全球气候变暖的背景下,贵州省年和四季平均地温总体呈现全区一致性显著上升趋势,且均出现了上升突变。To explore the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of 0 cm ground temperature in Guizhou Province over the past 40 years,based on the daily average 0 cm ground temperature data of 81 national meteorological stations in Guizhou from 1984 to 2023,this article analyzes the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of 0 cm ground temperature in Guizhou province in the past 40 years by using regression analysis,Mann-Kendall non-parametric statistical test and Pettitt test.The results show that:(1)The average ground temperature in Guizhou has an overall upward trend in both the whole year and four seasons,and it is especially significant in the whole year,spring,summer and autumn(P<0.01).The spatial distribution of ground temperature is"high in the south and low in the north,high in the east and low in the west".The high-value areas of ground temperature in summer are mainly located in the eastern and southern edge areas of Guizhou Province,while such areas in the whole year,spring,autumn and winter are mainly in the southern edge areas of Guizhou Province.(2)The average ground temperature in Guizhou Province has shown a sudden rise in both the whole year and four seasons,in which the abrupt changes of the ground temperature in the whole year,spring and summer were concentrated in the early 2000s,and the autumn ground temperature experienced a sudden change in 1997.After the abrupt change,the warming amplitude became more significant.The warming amplitude before and after the abrupt change was in the order of spring>autumn>summer>the whole year>winter.(3)The trends of ground temperature inclination rate show a pattern of spring(0.54℃·decade^(-1))>Autumn(0.41℃·decade^(-1))>summer(0.27℃·decade^(-1))>winter(0.23℃·decade^(-1)),with a spatial distribution characterized by"high in the west and low in the east".More than 90%of the stations have a ground temperature inclination rate greater than 0 throughout the whole year and four seasons.Moreover,except in summer and winter,more than 85%of the stations have

关 键 词：地温 Mann-Kendall非参数统计检验 Pettitt检验 贵州省 

分 类 号：P423.7[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]