长水机场1次多相态转变的低温雨雪过程分析  

Investigating a Low-Temperature Rain-Snow Process withMultiphase Transitions at Changsha International Airport

作　　者：刘宏芳 赵清越 窦体正 杨雄 杨志环 LIU Hongfang;ZHAO Qingyue;DOU Tizheng;YANG Xiong;YANAG Zhihuan(Civil Aviation Yunnan Air Traffic Control Bureau,Kunming 650200,China;Southwest Air Traffic Control Bureau Training Center,Chengdu 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]民航云南空管分局,云南昆明650200 [2]西南空管局培训中心,四川成都610000

出　　处：《山地气象学报》2025年第1期67-73,共7页Journal of Mountain Meteorology

基　　金：民航西南空管局科技项目(民航西南空发[2022]103号)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析昆明长水国际机场2024年1月22日发生的1次多降水相态转变的雨雪过程,探讨常规气象资料及风廓线雷达在该类过程中监测降水相态转变的应用。【方法】基于ERA5再分析资料及探空资料,对该次过程进行诊断分析,并讨论此类低温雨雪天气过程对航空运行的影响。【结果】此次过程主要发生在东亚大槽东移转竖,引导冷空气沿高原经云南东北部南下,配合南支槽东移使冷暖空气在机场上空长时间对峙的环流背景下。通过环境物理量场分析可知,垂直温度廓线有浅薄的逆温层,水汽辐合的强弱转变及风廓线雷达衍生产品信噪比大值区均对降水区域及降水相态的变化有一定的指示作用。【结论】通过研究常规气象资料及风廓线雷达在该类天气过程中的应用,可以为昆明长水国际机场该类天气的监测预警及其对航空运行造成影响提供参考。This article aims to analyze a rain-snow event with multiple phase transitions in precipitation at Kunming Changshui International Airport on January 22,2024,and investigate the application of conventional meteorological data and wind-profiling radar in monitoring phase transitions in precipitation events.Based on the radiosonde data and ERA5 reanalysis data,diagnostic analysis is conducted on this event.The article also discusses the impact of such cold rain-snow weather events on the aviation operation.The results indicate that this event occurred primarily because the East Asian trough moved eastward and turned vertical,bringing cold air southward along the plateau across northeastern Yunnan.This,combined with the eastward movement of the southern trough,led to a prolonged confrontation between cold and warm air masses in the upper atmosphere.The analysis result of environmental physical quantities reveals the presence of shallow inversion temperature layer in the vertical temperature profile.The transition in the intensity of the water vapor convergence and the high signal-to-noise ratio area in the wind-profiling radar derived products are indicative to the changes in precipitation regions and precipitation phase transitions during this event.The investigated utilization of conventional meteorological data and wind-profiling radar data in such weather events is expected to help improve the monitoring,warning and mitigation strategies of similar weather phenomena for the safe aviation operation at Kunming Changshui International Airport.

关 键 词：多降水相态转变 低温雨雪天气 环流形势 水汽通量 风廓线雷达 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]