黔中地区大气电场特征及其在雷电预警中的应用  

Characteristics of Atmospheric Electric Field in CentralGuizhou and Its Application in Lightning Warning

作　　者：袁晨 陶勇 夏晓玲 吴昌航 曾莉萍 YUAN Chen;TAO Yong;XIA Xiaoling;WU Changhang;ZENG Liping(Guizhou New Meteorological Technology Co.Ltd.,Guiyang 550002,China;Guizhou Meteorological Observatory,Guiyang 550002,China;Guizhou Institute of Mountain Meteorological Science,Guiyang 550081,China;Guizhou Meteorological Service Center,Guiyang 550002,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州新气象科技有限责任公司,贵州贵阳550002 [2]贵州省气象台,贵州贵阳550002 [3]贵州省山地气象科学研究所,贵州贵阳550081 [4]贵州省气象服务中心,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《山地气象学报》2025年第1期103-108,共6页Journal of Mountain Meteorology

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2020]4Y054号)。

摘　　要：【目的】黔中地区于2020年初建成大气电场监测组网,为了解该地区大气电场特征,探寻大气电场在雷电预警中的指示意义。【方法】运用黔中地区2020年大气电场仪监测资料和地闪观测资料,分析黔中地区晴天和雷暴天的大气电场特征及其在雷电预警中的应用。【结果】黔中地区晴天大气电场强度在白天波动更大,在12—18时达到峰值,而在01—06时降至谷值;雷暴天气大气电场报警与地闪活动无论在时间分布还是空间分布上,均具有较好的对应关系;雷电天气电场报警日变化特征明显,呈单峰单谷型,峰值出现在17时—次日04时,谷值出现在10—14时;大量个例分析发现,大气电场对雷电的报警提前量为1~26 min,平均约8 min;监测组网后的大气电场变化对雷电移动路径预测有一定的指示意义。【结论】研究结果为雷电预警提供了重要的参考,也为下一步构建雷电预警模型奠定基础。The monitoring network of atmospheric electric field was built in central Guizhou in early 2020.In order to understand the characteristics of atmospheric electric field in this region and explore the indicating significance of atmospheric electric field in lightning early warning,based on the data collected from atmospheric electric field instrument and lightning observation data in central Guizhou in 2020,we investigate the characteristics of atmospheric electric field in sunny and thunderstorm days in central Guizhou and its application in lightning warning in this paper.The results show that the atmospheric electric field intensity in the clear days in central Guizhou fluctuates more during the daytime,with the peak values seen from 12∶00 to 18∶00 and the valley values from 01∶00 to 06∶00.In view of thunderstorm weather,there is a good correspondence between electric field alarms and cloud-to-ground lightning activities in central Guizhou in both temporal distribution and spatial distribution.Diurnal variation characteristics of electric field alarm in lightning weather are obvious,showing a single peak and single valley pattern.The peak values appear from 17∶00 to 04∶00 the next day,and the valley values from 10∶00 to 14∶00.Analysis of a large number of cases reveals that the alarm lead time of atmospheric electric field to lightning is 1~26 min,with an average of about 8 min.Monitoring the changes of atmospheric electric field after networking is of a certain indicating significance for predicting moving tracks of lightning.The above research results could be an important reference for lightning warning,and also lay a foundation for building a lightning warning model.

关 键 词：大气电场特征 雷电预警 路径预警 

分 类 号：P427.32[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]