超支化聚合物的合成及其对重金属离子吸附研究进展  

Advances in the Synthesis of Hyperbranched Polymers and Their Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions

作　　者：韩柳 沈小燕 王会菊 HAN Liu;SHEN Xiaoyan;WANG Huiju(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Qinghai Minzu University,Xining 810008,China;Key Lab of Resource Chemistry&Eco-environmental Protection in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,State Ethnic Affairs Committee,Qinghai Minzu University,Xining 810007,China)

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学化学与材料科学学院,青海西宁810007 [2]青海民族大学青藏高原资源化学与生态环境保护国家民委重点实验室,青海西宁810007

出　　处：《西北民族大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期6-16,24,共12页Journal of Northwest Minzu University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22166029);青海民族大学校级创新项目(12M2024015)。

摘　　要：超支化聚合物是一种高度支化的三维结构聚合物,其分子结构具有高度对称性和末端具丰富的官能团,容易对官能团进行修饰,可以制备多样的功能性高分子材料.文章通过综述超支化聚合物的合成方法,重点探讨超支化聚合物对纤维素、磁性纳米材料、氧化石墨烯等材料的改性以及超支化聚合物对水体中重金属离子(Pb^(2+)、Cr^(6+)、Cd^(2+))的吸附应用及吸附机理,并对超支化聚合物的发展及应用进行了总结与展望.Hyperbranched polymer(HPBs)is a kind of highly branched three-dimensional structure polymers.The molecular structure is highly symmetrical and the end has rich functional groups,which is easy to modify the functional groups,and can prepare a variety of functional polymer materials.In the present article,the synthesis methods of hyperbranched polymers were reviewed,and their graft modification for cellulose,magnetic nanomaterials,graphene oxide were also focused.Moreover,the adsorption application and adsorption mechanism of hyperbranched polymers on heavy metal ions(Pb2+,Cr6+,Cd2+)were discussed and reviewed.Finally,the research prospects of HPBs were put forward.

关 键 词：超支化聚合物 合成方法 接枝改性 吸附 重金属离子 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]