改进粒子法在钠冷快堆熔融物水力学破碎行为中的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of Hydrodynamic Crushing Behavior of Melting Materials in Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactors Based on the Improved Moving Particle Semi-Implicit Method

作　　者：王文鹏 张斌[1,2] 曹胜 任前永 单建强 WANG Wenpeng;ZHANG Bin;CAO Sheng;REN Qianyong;SHAN Jianqiang(School of Nuclear Science and Technology,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,710049西安 [2]西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室,710049西安

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2025年第4期128-138,共11页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12375176)。

摘　　要：为了进一步研究钠冷快堆堆芯熔融物水力学射流破碎过程中的关键影响因素,深入分析熔融物射流破碎形态、穿透深度和破碎机理,基于改进最小二乘移动粒子半隐式方法,对熔融物射流在冷却剂钠中的破碎行为进行了模拟。首先,通过将模拟结果与已有实验数据对比,验证了该方法的适用性和可靠性;其次,将该方法应用于研究金属熔融物与冷却剂钠之间的相互作用,对熔融物射流的破碎过程进行了数值模拟,得到了大量数值实验结果;最后,基于模拟实验结果,发现在低Weber数下,射流前端瑞利-泰勒不稳定性主导破碎,在高低Weber数下,射流破碎主要是由射流侧表面上开尔文-亥姆霍兹不稳定引发的波状剥离机制驱动,分析了射流直径和射流初始速度等参数对射流破碎长度的影响,拟合出针对冷却剂钠的破碎长度关联式,并与实验值和其他模型结果进行了验证,误差控制在±30%以内,从而建立了新的射流破碎模型。研究工作可为钠冷快堆压力容器改进设计提供参考,同时,对于评价钠冷快堆堆芯熔融物射流对反应堆压力容器的潜在影响具有重要意义。To further investigate the key influencing factors during the jet crushing process of the core meltdown material in sodium-cooled fast reactors and deeply analyze the jet crushing morphology,penetration depth,and crushing mechanism,a numerical simulation of the crushing behavior of the meltdown material jet in sodium coolant is carried out based on an improved least-squares moving particle semi-implicit method.Firstly,the applicability and reliability of this method are validated by comparing the simulation results with existing experimental data.Secondly,this method is employed to study the interaction between molten metal and sodium coolant,and numerical simulations of the jet crushing process of the meltdown material jet are conducted,yielding a large amount of numerical experimental results.Finally,based on the simulation results,it is observed that at low Weber numbers,the Rayleigh-Taylor instability at the jet front dominates the crushing process,while at both high and low Weber numbers,the jet crushing is primarily driven by the wave-like peeling mechanism induced by the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability on the lateral surface of the jet.The effects of parameters such as jet diameter and initial velocity on jet breakup length are analyzed,and a correlation formula for the crushing length in sodium coolant was fitted,validated against experimental values and other model results,with errors controlled within±30%,thus establishing a new jet crushing model.This research can provide valuable references for improving the design of sodium-cooled fast reactor pressure vessels and holds significant importance for evaluating the potential impact of core meltdown material jets on reactor pressure vessels in sodium-cooled fast reactors.

关 键 词：钠冷快堆 射流破碎长度 最小二乘移动粒子半隐式法 

分 类 号：TL364.4[核科学技术—核技术及应用]