哈尔滨城区26个落叶阔叶树种秋叶颜色及其养分指示意义  

Autumn Leaf Color and the Indicative Significance for Nitrogen of 26 Deciduous Broad-leaved Tree Species in Harbin

作　　者：相淑洁 王兴昌[2,4] Xiang Shujie;Wang Xingchang(College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;General Station,Wangtian'e State-Owned Forest Farm,Baishan 134300,Jilin,China;School of Ecology,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150040 [3]白山市望天鹅国有林总场,吉林白山134300 [4]东北林业大学生态学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中国城市林业》2025年第1期127-135,共9页Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(32171765)。

摘　　要：[目的]探讨衰老叶颜色及其养分的指示作用,旨在丰富景观色彩,改善城市生态环境。[方法]以地处哈尔滨的东北林业大学主校区26个阔叶树种为研究对象,基于衰老叶颜色指数和养分的关系,记录落叶物候,采集衰老叶并测定其颜色指数和氮浓度,评价彩叶植物资源。[结果]衰老叶为红紫色的树种叶变色至凋落结束日的时间显著长于其他颜色树种,红叶树种观赏期较长;衰老叶越红的树种相对红度指数越高、相对绿度指数和绿红植被指数越低;衰老叶N含量为5.38~20.39 mg·g^(-1),仅2个树种完全重吸收。衰老叶N含量与各颜色指数均存在显著相关关系,其中衰老叶N含量分别与比值绿度指数和相对红度指数呈显著正、负相关(R^(2)=0.31)。衰老叶颜色越红,养分浓度越低,绿色衰老叶的N含量是红叶的2.3倍。[结论]衰老叶变色具有一定的养分指示作用,秋叶变色是养分保守策略的体现;应用观赏期长和观赏价值较高的红叶树种有利于提高城市绿化景观,丰富景观色彩,提高生活品质。[Objective]Autumn leaf color change is an important research topic in urban forestry and landscape architecture.Exploring the role of senescent leaf color and its nutrient indication is of great significance to select and apply tree species for urban greening in northern China.[Method]The study chooses the 26 deciduous broad-Leaved tree species in the main campus of Northeast Forestry University in Harbin City.Based on the relationship between the color index and nutrients of senescent leaves,the phenology of fallen leaves is recorded,and senescent leaves are collected to measure the color index and nitrogen concentration so as to evaluate colored-leaf plant resources.[Result]Tree species with red-purple senescent leaves have a significantly longer coloration period compared to other colored tree species,which indicates that red-leafed tree species have a longer ornamental period.The tree species with redder senescent leaves have higher red chromatic coordinate,lower green chromatic coordinate,and lower green red vegetation index.The N-content of senescent leaves ranges from 5.38 mg g^(-1) to 20.39 mg·g^(-1),which can be completely reabsorbed by only two tree species.There is a significant correlation between the N-content of senescent leaves and each color index.The N-content of senescent leaves has significant positive correlation with proportional greenness index and significant negative correlation with relative redness index(R^(2)=0.31).The redder the color of senescent leaves is,the lower the nutrient concentration is.The N-content of green senescent leaves is 2.3 times that of red leaves.[Conclusion]The coloration of senescent leaves has a certain function of nutrient indication,and the autumn leaf coloration reflects conservative nutrient strategy.The application of red-leaf tree species with a long ornamental period and higher ornamental value is conducive to improving urban greening landscape,enriching landscape colors and improving the quality of life.

关 键 词：衰老叶 彩叶树种 颜色指数 养分重吸收度 衰老叶N含量 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]