基于水鸟飞行阻碍的粤港澳大湾区生态廊道的构建与复合  

Construction and Integration of Ecological Corridors in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Based on Obstacles to Waterbird Flight

作　　者：曹瀚文 祝明建 祝诗榕 马滢 Cao Hanwen;Zhu Mingjian;Zhu Shirong;Ma Ying(School of Design,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学设计学院,广州510000

出　　处：《中国城市林业》2025年第1期168-178,共11页Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32271735);广东省哲学社会科学规划2024年度一般项目(GD24CYS34)。

摘　　要：[目的]构建与复合粤港澳大湾区3个焦点物种(凤头鸊鷉、黑脸琵鹭、小青脚鹬)的生态廊道,旨在构建出最优的潜在迁飞廊道以维护大湾区生物多样性。[方法]基于3个焦点物种的分布与习性数据,运用MaxEnt最大熵模型模拟水鸟分布,叠加生境适宜性评价获得生态源地,利用Linkage mapper辅以MCR对廊道进行识别,通过比较生态系统服务价值的方法实现廊道间的复合。[结果]大湾区生态源地主要由水体、林地和草地构成,总面积为9 865.31 km~2,空间分布呈“南密北疏、主城区空心”的格局,滨海滩涂及近水林地为主要分布区,而东北部源地缺失导致生态网络断裂;识别出88条潜在生态廊道,总长度4 155.77 km,其中东北部因建筑密集和地形阻力无廊道分布,严重削弱了区域连通性。[结论]研究区生态源地与廊道分布受自然地形和人为干扰共同影响。建议:1)在东北部无源地及廊道区域增设连接通道,整合破碎化生境;2)沿海经济带(深圳、珠海等)需限制建筑高度并推广鸟类友好设计;3)肇庆、惠州等断裂风险区应加强廊道保护与修复。研究结果为高密度城市化区域的生态网络优化提供了科学参考。[Objective]This study is to construct and integrate ecological corridors for three key species(Crested Grebe,Black-faced Spoonbill,and Little Greenshank)in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,aiming to construct the optimal potential flyway corridors to maintain biodiversity in the Area.[Method]Based on the data on the distribution and the habit of the three key species,the MaxEnt maximum entropy model is used to simulate the distribution of waterbirds,and the ecological source is obtained by superimposing the habitat suitability evaluation.The corridors are identified by Linkage mapper supplemented by MCR,and the integration between the corridors is realized by comparing the ecosystem service value.[Result]The ecological source area in the Greater Bay Area is mainly composed of water,forestland and grassland,with a total area of 9865.31 km2,and the spatial distribution pattern is characterized by"dense in the south and sparse in the north,and hollow in the urban core area".The coastal mudflats and the near-water forest land are the main distribution areas,while the shortage of northeastern sources results in the fracture of the ecological network.A total of 88 potential ecological corridors with a total length of 4155.77 km is identified,among which the regional connectivity in the northeast is severely weakened due to the dense construction and topographic resistance.[Conclusion]The distribution of ecological sources and corridors in the study area is affected jointly by natural topography and anthropogenic disturbances.It is suggested:1)To add the connecting corridors should in the passive land and corridor areas in Northeast China for integrating fragmented habitats;2)Coastal economic belts(Shenzhen,Zhuhai,etc.)need to limit the height of buildings and promote bird-friendly design;and 3)Corridor protection and restoration should be strengthened in Zhaoqing,Huizhou and other risk areas.The results of this study provide a scientific reference for the optimization of ecological network in high-density

关 键 词：适生区分布 生态廊道 水鸟 三维阻力面 

分 类 号：TU9[建筑科学]