降雨诱发黄土滑坡-泥流的规律及阈值曲线研究  

Study on Regularity and Threshold Curve of Rain-Induced Loess Landslide-Mudflow

作　　者：王家政 辛鹏[2] 曹生鸿 李先臣 郭丹丹 WANG Jiazheng;XIN Peng;CAO Shenghong;LI Xianchen;GUO Dandan(Zoucheng Bureau of Housing and Urban-Rural Development,Zoucheng,Shandong 273500,China;Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Qinghai Institute of Environmental Geology Survey,Xining,Qinghai 810008,China)

机构地区：[1]邹城市住房和城乡建设局,山东邹城273500 [2]中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京100081 [3]青海省环境地质勘查局,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《西北地质》2025年第2期102-110,共9页Northwestern Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“水力作用下新近纪硬土/软岩质滑带结构重构的过程及效应(42077276)”;中国地质调查局地质调查项目“渭河中上游城镇地质灾害风险调查”(DD20190717)联合资助。

摘　　要：为研究降雨诱发黄土滑坡-泥流的规律,论文设计了6组室内模型试验,分析了降雨诱发黄土滑坡-泥流的宏观变形过程、水文过程及位移变化规律,探讨了不同降雨强度、单次累计降雨量及坡度对滑坡发展的影响,并建立了发生滑坡及泥流时的阈值曲线。研究表明:在极端降雨条件下,黄土斜坡有滑动及滑动转流动两种破坏模式。当短时强降雨发生时,裂隙化斜坡内张性结构面充水,滑面强度降低,滑体以块体形式滑动,整个滑动过程表现出在长期蠕动中叠加间歇性加速滑动的特征,临界阈值曲线为:I=59D^(-0.67);当持续性降雨发生时,渐进滑动的斜坡体会出现强裂隙化区域,此区域内孔隙水压力持续升高,富水斜坡体会液化流动,流动过程具有持续高速流动的特征,临界阈值曲线为:E=200-2.5I。In order to study the law of rain-induced loess landslide-mudflow,this paper designed six sets of laboratory model tests,analyzed the macroscopic deformation process,hydrological process and displacement change law of rain-induced loess landslide-mudflow,discussed the influence of different rainfall intensity,single cumulative rainfall and slope on landslide development,and established the threshold curve when landslide and mudflow occurred.The results show that there are two failure modes of loess slope under extreme rainfall conditions:sliding and sliding transflow.When short-term heavy rainfall occurs,the tensile structural surface of the fractured slope is filled with water,the strength of the sliding surface decreases,and the sliding body slides in the form of a block.The whole sliding process shows the characteristics of long-term creep superposition in-termittent accelerated sliding,and the critical threshold curve is as follows:I=59D^(−0.67).When continuous rainfall occurs,a strong fissure area will appear on the slope with progressive sliding,and pore water pressure in this area will continue to rise.The water-rich slope will experience liquefaction flow,which is characterized by con-tinuous high speed.The critical threshold curve is E=200−2.5I.

关 键 词：降雨 黄土滑坡-泥流 模型试验 阈值曲线 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学] TU411[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]