九一八事变后国民政府的对日因应之策  

The National Government's Response Strategies Toward Japan After the September 18th Incident

作　　者：郝宏武 HAO Hongwu(Shanxi-Suiyuan Military and Civilian Museum,Lishi Shanxi 033000,China)

机构地区：[1]晋绥兵民博物馆,山西离石033000

出　　处：《吕梁学院学报》2025年第1期13-18,共6页Journal of Lyuiang University

摘　　要：作为世界反法西斯战争的起点和中国抗日战争的序幕,九一八事变是抗日战争史研究的重要课题。目前,学界围绕九一八事变爆发的原因和背景、事变后国内外各方的因应、事变对中国社会的影响等展开多维探索。近年来,随着大量新资料开放,关于南京国民政府对事变发生及其后所取内外应对措置,仍有继续发掘的空间。九一八事变爆发后,由于蒋介石缺乏抗日信心、幻想日本政府和天皇控制军方、顽固推行“攘外必先安内”政策、对远东军事战略判断的失误等,国民政府处理事变的基本对策为:军事上不抵抗,外交上不与日本直接交涉,更多的是寄希望于国际联盟,期待国联及“非战公约”国出面对日本施压。外交的失败导致军事上的被动,进一步加深了日本对中国的侵略。As the starting point of the World Anti-Fascist War and the prelude to China s War of Resistance Against Japan Aggression,the September 18th Incident remains a critical subject in the study of wartime history.Current scholarship has explored multidimensional aspects of the incident,including its causes,historical context,domestic and international responses following its outbreak,and its societal impact on China.In recent years,with the release of substantial new archival materials,there remains room for further investigation into the Nanjing National Government s internal and external responses to the incident and its aftermath.After the September 18th Incident,due to Chiang Kai-shek s lack of confidence in resisting Japan,his misplaced faith in the Japanese government and Emperor to restrain the military,his rigid adherence to the policy of“domestic pacification before external resistance”,and miscalculations in Far Eastern military strategy,the National Government adopted a foundational approach marked by:military non-resistance,diplomatic non-engagement with direct negotiations,and reliance on the League of Nations.It hoped that the League and signatories of the Kellogg-Briand Pact would pressure Japan.However,diplomatic failures led to military passivity,further emboldening Japan s aggression against China.

关 键 词：九一八事变 国民政府 不抵抗主义 国联 

分 类 号：K265.2[历史地理—历史学]