治疗孤独症谱系障碍:重复经颅磁刺激的潜在作用  

Treatment of autism spectrum disorder:The potential role of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

作　　者：田仁霞 杨平 郭园园 吴瑕 TIAN Renxia;YANG Ping;GUO Yuanyuan;WU Xia(School of Psychology,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China;Institute of Brain Research and Rehabilitation,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510898,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学心理学院,贵阳550025 [2]华南师范大学脑科学与康复医学研究院,广州510898

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2025年第4期598-610,共13页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD296);广东省重点领域研发计划(2019B030335001);国家自然科学基金项目(32260211)资助。

摘　　要：孤独症谱系障碍(Autism Spectrum Disorder,ASD)是一种复杂的神经发育障碍,其病因和表现形式具有高度异质性,目前临床尚缺乏确切有效的治疗方案。重复性经颅磁刺激(repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation,rTMS)作为一种神经调控技术,在ASD治疗领域展现出应用价值。研究发现,低频rTMS能够调节大脑皮层的神经兴奋−抑制平衡,而高频rTMS则可以提高目标脑区的兴奋性。本研究表明,低频rTMS靶向ASD背外侧前额叶皮层可以改善重复和刻板行为,而高频rTMS靶向ASD颞顶联合区可以改善社交与互动障碍。未来研究应着重关注以下方面:探索rTMS干预的最佳年龄窗口期,采用严谨的双盲、假刺激对照和随机分组的交叉实验设计,以及整合临床量表评估、行为学测量和靶点脑区的神经生物学指标进行疗效评估,为相关临床实践提供更可靠的循证依据。Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD)is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by heterogeneous etiology and manifestations,with no definitive effective clinical treatment currently available.Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation(rTMS),as a neuromodulation technique,has shown promising therapeutic potential in ASD treatment.Research indicates that low-frequency rTMS can modulate the excitation-inhibition balance of the cerebral cortex,while high-frequency rTMS can enhance the excitability of target brain regions.This study demonstrates that low-frequency rTMS targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in ASD can ameliorate repetitive and stereotyped behaviors,while high-frequency rTMS directed at the temporoparietal junction can improve social interaction deficits.Future research should focus on exploring the optimal age window for rTMS intervention,implementing rigorous double-blind,sham-controlled,and randomized crossover experimental designs,and integrating clinical scale assessments,behavioral measurements,and neurobiological indicators of target brain regions for efficacy evaluation,thereby providing more reliable evidence-based support for clinical practice.

关 键 词：孤独症谱系障碍 重复经颅磁刺激 背外侧前额叶皮层 颞顶联合区 

分 类 号：B845[哲学宗教—心理学]