漂浮式海上风力发电技术综述  

A Review of Technological Development for Floating Offshore Wind Power Generation

作　　者：王靛 李晓东 查荣钰 刘晓辉 马腾 WANG Dian;LI Xiaodong;ZHA Rongyu;LIU Xiaohui;MA Teng(CRRC Qihang New Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]中车启航新能源技术有限公司,北京100089

出　　处：《控制与信息技术》2025年第1期1-12,共12页CONTROL AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

基　　金：湖南省十大技术攻关项目(2023GK1030)。

摘　　要：全球漂浮式风电市场正处于快速发展阶段,我国在“3060”双碳目标的推动下,漂浮式风电行业也迎来了蓬勃发展的机遇。文章全面介绍了全球漂浮式风电技术的发展背景与现状,指出欧洲已进入商业化应用阶段,而我国则处于小批量示范应用阶段;详细分析了漂浮式风电系统的关键技术,包括漂浮式风机、智能控制系统、电气系统、浮体结构、系泊系统及锚固装置等子系统的技术现状和所面临的挑战。当前,漂浮式风电成本高昂,主要受设计施工难度、长距离输电需求以及市场规模等因素影响。为降低成本并推动漂浮式风电的商业化进程,提出通过机组大型化、浮体模块化等技术创新提升设计仿真能力,开发专用建造和运维设施,以及探索更大容量的长距离输电技术和新的商业模式,最终实现漂浮式风电的大规模商业化应用。Amid the global rapid market expansion of floating wind power generation,China is experiencing vigorous development in this industry,particularly in the context of the"30·60"goals.This paper first provides a brief overview of the global background and current status of technological development in the floating wind power system field.It highlights that Europe has entered the commercial stage,while China remains in the small-batch demonstration stage.Next,the paper elaborates on the key technologies,focusing specifically on the technical status and challenges faced by various subsystems,including floating wind turbines,intelligent control systems,electrical systems,floaters,mooring systems,and anchors.It identifies that the current soaring costs of floating wind power generation stem from multiple factors,including design and construction difficulties,long-distance transmission,and a limited market size.Finally,this paper offers suggestions for achieving large-scale commercial applications of floating wind power generation.These include fostering technical innovations to enhance design and simulation capacities,including wind turbine upsizing and floater modularization,as well as developing specialized facilities for construction,operation,and maintenance.It also recommends the further exploration of long-distance transmission technology with increased capacity and the introduction of new business models.

关 键 词：漂浮式风力发电 浮体结构 系泊系统 长距离输电技术 

分 类 号：TM315[电气工程—电机]