不同特异性HIV抗体表达与临床分期相关性初探  

Preliminary study on the correlation between specific HIV antibody expression and clinical staging

作　　者：宋晓钰 商正玲 冯勤颖 周信忠 葛章文 SONG Xiao-yu;SHANG Zheng-ling;FENG Qin-ying;ZHOU Xin-zhong;GE Zhang-wen(Department of Immunology,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550002,Guizhou,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学基础医学院免疫学教研室,贵州贵阳550002 [2]北京积水潭医院贵州医院中心实验室,贵州贵阳550002 [3]贵州省人民医院检验科,贵州贵阳550000

出　　处：《广东医学》2025年第2期201-205,共5页Guangdong Medical Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(82260658);贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2024-201);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合成果-LC[2024]002);北京积水潭医院贵州医院院级课题。

摘　　要：目的针对不同人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗原的特异性抗体在不同分期患者表达差异,发现其与获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)临床分期的关联,探索免疫印迹条带作为预测HIV感染期和艾滋病期的可行性。方法采用回顾性研究,选取2020年4月至2022年11月贵州省人民医院感染科接受治疗的艾滋病患者307例为研究对象,对其血液样本进行CD3^(+)CD4^(+)T细胞计数,分析两组感染者的一般资料差异,通过蛋白质免疫印迹法检测感染期和艾滋病期感染者血清中针对HIV不同抗原的特异性抗体表达情况,绘制差异表达抗体的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,分析其与临床分期的可能关系。结果两组患者的性别、年龄、营养状况、吸烟史、高血压、糖尿病史、饮酒史等指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);外周血中针对GP160、GP120、GP41、P24、P55以及P17病毒抗原的特异性抗体在两组患者中表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但艾滋病期感染者外周血中抗P66、P51、P31的特异性抗体出现率明显多于感染期感染者(P<0.05)。分别利用不同分期P66、P51、P31特异性抗体条带绘制ROC曲线,结果显示P66、P51、P31特异性抗体更多出现在艾滋病期,ROC曲线下面积均大于0.8。结论针对病毒包膜抗原(GP160、GP120、GP41)以及核心抗原(P24、P55、P17)的抗体在感染期和艾滋病期持续存在,艾滋病期患者血清中针对病毒逆转录酶抗原(P66、P51、P31)的特异性抗体明显高于感染期患者,提示该类抗体具有作为病毒复制活跃程度和临床分期辅助评价潜能。Objective To investigate the differences in the expression of antibodies against different HIV antigens at various stages of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection,explore their correlation with clinical staging of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS),and assess the feasibility of using Western blot bands as predictors of HIV infection and AIDS stages.Methods A retrospective study was conducted involving 307 HIV/AIDS patients from the Infectious Disease Department of Guizhou Provincial People′s Hospital,treated between April 2020 and November 2022.Blood samples were collected for CD3^(+)CD4^(+)T cell count.The general demographics of the two groups were analyzed,and the expression of specific antibodies against different HIV antigens was measured using Western blot analysis.Receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curves were drawn for the differential expression of antibodies,and their potential correlation with clinical staging was explored.Results There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender,age,nutritional status,smoking history,hypertension,diabetes history,or alcohol consumption(P>0.05).The expression of specific antibodies against the HIV antigens GP160,GP120,GP41,P24,P55,and P17 showed no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).However,the prevalence of specific antibodies against P66,P51,and P31 in the peripheral blood of AIDS-stage patients was significantly higher than in those at the infection stage(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis of the P66,P51,and P31 antibody bands showed that these antibodies were more prevalent in the AIDS stage,with areas under the curve(AUC)greater than 0.8.Conclusion Antibodies against viral envelope antigens(GP160,GP120,GP41)and core antigens(P24,P55,P17)persist during both the infection and AIDS stages.However,specific antibodies against reverse transcriptase antigens(P66,P51,P31)are significantly higher in the sera of AIDS patients than in those at the infection stage,suggesting that these antibodies may serv

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒 病毒载量 抗体 临床分期 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] S947[医药卫生—临床医学]